Moderate-intensity blue radiation can regulate flowering, but not extension growth, of several photoperiodic ornamental crops

Runkle, Erik S.

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2016.10.006

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Although blue radiation is best absorbed by cryptochrome (cry) and phototropin (phot) photoreceptors, it is also weakly absorbed by phy [26]. Meng and Runkle [27] reported that phy-mediated responses can be controlled with moderate-intensity (~30 µmol•m −2 •s −1 ) blue light due to the secondary absorption peak of phy in the blue region of the spectrum. Furthermore, Liu et al (2012) showed that phy B controls the expression of both ERECTA and EXPANSIN family genes, which regulate cell expansion in leaves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Physiological Responses of Lettuce Grown under Pre-Dawn or End-Of-Day Sole-Source Light-Quality Treatments

et al. 2018

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The objective of this study was to evaluate growth and physiological responses of 'Cherokee' and 'Waldmann's Green' lettuce (Lactuca sativa) exposed to small changes in light quality and intensity within a 24-h period. Three pre-dawn (PD; 0600 to 0700) and three end-of-day (EOD; 2100 to 2200) treatments were evaluated in the study, each providing 50 ± 2 µmol•m −2 •s −1 of either blue, red, or broadband white light from light-emitting diodes (LEDs). To account for the main daily light integral (DLI), broadband white LEDs provided 210 ± 2 µmol•m −2 •s −1 from 0700 to 2200 or from 0600 to 2100 for the PD or EOD treatments, respectively. A control treatment was included which provided 200 ± 2 µmol• m −2 •s −1 of white light from 0600 to 2200. All treatments provided a DLI of 11.5 mol•m −2 •day −1 over a 16-h photoperiod. Regardless of cultivar, no treatment difference was measured for hypocotyl length or leaf number. However, plants grown under EOD-blue or PD-white had up to 26% larger leaves than those grown under PD-red and 20% larger leaves than control. In addition, plants grown under EOD-blue produced up to 18% more shoot fresh mass compared to those grown under control, EOD-red, or PD-red. Contrasts for gas-exchange data collected during the main photoperiod showed that light quality was not significant within PD or EOD for any of the parameters evaluated. However, regardless of light quality, stomatal conductance (g s) and transpiration (E) were up to 34% and 42% higher, respectively, for EOD-grown plants compared to control. Our results suggest that 1 h of low intensity EOD-blue light has the potential to promote lettuce growth by increasing leaf area and shoot fresh mass when the main DLI from sole-source lighting is provided by broadband white LEDs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Physiological Responses of Lettuce Grown under Pre-Dawn or End-Of-Day Sole-Source Light-Quality Treatments

et al. 2018

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“…In this research, the plantlets growing under blue light conditions displayed superior growth performance compared with those growing under white light and red light conditions, including increased leaf number and leaf area, greater photosynthetic capacity, and the increased promotion of chloroplast development (Table 1 and Figure 1). Leaf morphological characteristics were reported to be greatly affected by different wavelengths of light [38,39]. In this report, the greatest leaf area was found under blue light conditions ( Table 1), implying that blue light promotes C. oleifera plantlet leaf growth.…”

Section: Influence Of Different Light Qualities On Growth and Physiolmentioning

confidence: 54%

Comparative Transcriptome Analyses of Gene Response to Different Light Conditions of Camellia oleifera Leaf Using Illumina and Single-Molecule Real-Time-Based RNA-Sequencing

Song

Chen

et al. 2020

Forests

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Camellia oleifera Abel. is a critical oil tree species. Camellia oil, which is extracted from the seeds, is widely regarded as a premium cooking oil, with the content of oleic acid being over 80%. Light is thought to be one of the largest essential natural components in the regulation of plant developmental processes, and different light qualities can considerably influence plant physiological and phenotypic traits. In this research, we examined the growth and physiological responses of C. oleifera “MIN 43” cultivar plantlets to three different wavelengths of light, containing white, red, and blue light, and we utilized the combination of the PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) and Illumina HiSeq RNA sequencing to obtain the mRNA expression profiles. The results showed that plantlets growing under blue light conditions displayed superior growth performance, including stimulated enhancement of the leaf area, increased leaf number, increased chlorophyll synthesis, and improved photosynthesis. Furthermore, SMAT sequencing created 429,955 reads of inserts, where 406,722 of them were full-length non-chimeric reads, and 131,357 non-redundant isoforms were produced. Abundant differentially expressed genes were found in leaves under different light qualities by RNA-sequencing. Gene expression profiles of actin, dynein, tubulin, defectively organized tributaries 3 (DOT3), and ADP ribosylation factor 5 (ARF5) were associated with the greatest leaf performance occurring under blue light conditions. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis identified hundreds of pathways involved in different light conditions. The pathways of the plant circadian rhythm and hormone signal transduction were associated with different light quality responses in C. oleifera. Phytochrome B (PHYB), constitutively photomorphogenic 1 (COP1), long hypocotyl 5 (HY5), auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (AUX/IAA), Gretchen Hagen 3 (GH3), and small auxin-up RNA (SAUR), which were differentially expressed genes involved in these two pathways, play a vital role in responses to different wavelengths of light in C. oleifera. In addition, blue light significantly promotes flavonoid biosynthesis via changing expression of related genes.

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“…Although low blue light (≈1–2 μmol m −2 s −1 ) can control physiological responses such as cotyledon opening through CRY2 (Lin et al ), effective regulation of flowering requires a much greater B photon flux density. For example, blue light regulated flowering of various ornamental species at a photon flux density of 30 μmol m −2 s −1 , but not at 2 μmol m −2 s −1 (Meng and Runkle , ). Similarly, in Arabidopsis, CRY2 activity under low blue light (≤1 μmol m −2 s −1 ) may not be responsible for the substantial flowering responses of high‐light‐grown cry2 mutants (Lin ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides R and FR light, blue light (400–500 nm) is also involved in photoperiodic pathways that regulate flowering of at least some species. Although blue light did not influence flowering of several floriculture crops at 2 μmol m −2 s −1 (peak = 462 nm, PPE = 0.53), it did when its photon flux density increased to 30 μmol m −2 s −1 (peak = 450 nm, PPE = 0.48; Meng and Runkle , ). It is mainly absorbed by cryptochromes (CRY1 and CRY2), is weakly perceived by phytochromes and activates phototropins, zeitlupe, flavin‐binding kelch repeat F‐box, and LOV kelch protein (Yanovsky and Kay , Huché‐Thélier et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Regulation of flowering by green light depends on its photon flux density and involves cryptochromes

Runkle

2018

Physiologia Plantarum

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Photoperiodic lighting can promote flowering of long-day plants (LDPs) and inhibit flowering of short-day plants (SDPs). Red (R) and far-red (FR) light regulate flowering through phytochromes, whereas blue light does so primarily through cryptochromes. In contrast, the role of green light in photoperiodic regulation of flowering has been inconsistent in previous studies. We grew four LDP species (two petunia cultivars, ageratum, snapdragon and Arabidopsis) and two SDP species (three chrysanthemum cultivars and marigold) in a greenhouse under truncated 9-h short days with or without 7-h day-extension lighting from green light (peak = 521 nm) at 0, 2, 13 or 25 μmol m s or R + white (W) + FR light at 2 μmol m s . Increasing the green photon flux density from 0 to 25 μmol m s accelerated flowering of all LDPs and delayed flowering of all SDPs. Petunia flowered similarly fast under R + W + FR light and moderate green light but was shorter and developed more branches under green light. To be as effective as R + W + FR light, saturation green photon flux densities were 2 μmol m s for LDP ageratum and SDP marigold and 13 μmol m s for LDP petunia. Snapdragon was the least sensitive to green light. In Arabidopsis, cryptochrome 2 mediated promotion of flowering under moderate green light, whereas both phytochrome B and cryptochrome 2 mediated that under R + W + FR light. We conclude that 7-h day-extension lighting from green light-emitting diodes can control flowering of photoperiodic ornamentals and that in Arabidopsis, cryptochrome 2 mediates promotion of flowering under green light.

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Moderate-intensity blue radiation can regulate flowering, but not extension growth, of several photoperiodic ornamental crops

Cited by 33 publications

References 55 publications

Growth and Physiological Responses of Lettuce Grown under Pre-Dawn or End-Of-Day Sole-Source Light-Quality Treatments

Growth and Physiological Responses of Lettuce Grown under Pre-Dawn or End-Of-Day Sole-Source Light-Quality Treatments

Comparative Transcriptome Analyses of Gene Response to Different Light Conditions of Camellia oleifera Leaf Using Illumina and Single-Molecule Real-Time-Based RNA-Sequencing

Regulation of flowering by green light depends on its photon flux density and involves cryptochromes

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