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A plasmid has been discovered in a strain of the eukaryote, Dictyostelium discoideum, which has an unstable, non‐chromosomal, cobalt resistance phenotype. The plasmid, termed Ddp1, is ˜13.5 kbp in size and is found in the nucleus. It has an A‐T content typical of Dictyostelium DNA as judged by its restriction enzyme digestion pattern, and it is not related to either mitochondrial or ribosomal DNA. Similar or identical plasmids have been found in two original, cobalt‐sensitive, isolates, NC4 and V12, but no plasmid was detected in three other isolates (WS472, WS526, WS584). The plasmid codes for non‐essential functions since it is absent from the latter isolates, and it is lost from mutant strains which are capable of axenic growth.
A plasmid has been discovered in a strain of the eukaryote, Dictyostelium discoideum, which has an unstable, non‐chromosomal, cobalt resistance phenotype. The plasmid, termed Ddp1, is ˜13.5 kbp in size and is found in the nucleus. It has an A‐T content typical of Dictyostelium DNA as judged by its restriction enzyme digestion pattern, and it is not related to either mitochondrial or ribosomal DNA. Similar or identical plasmids have been found in two original, cobalt‐sensitive, isolates, NC4 and V12, but no plasmid was detected in three other isolates (WS472, WS526, WS584). The plasmid codes for non‐essential functions since it is absent from the latter isolates, and it is lost from mutant strains which are capable of axenic growth.
Objective While the importance of mental health assessment and treatment in primary care is increasingly recognized, the research that underlies current practices largely stems from a considerable body of non-mental health primary care studies. Our purpose was to describe trends in research over the past two decades and suggest further key items for the research agenda. Methods We reviewed the literature broadly on health services research in pediatrics, especially studies of changes in primary care practice, and examined recent articles in primary care mental health services. Results The evolution of primary care mental health services for children has been slow, but the focus of research has changed with the development of clinical improvements. Proposals to deliver more effective services have evolved over the past forty years in a series of approaches that paralleled initiatives in the broader fields of medicine and pediatrics. Current trends in electronic technology, practice consolidation and coordination, and personalized medicine are likely to increase the pace of change in mental health services for primary care. Conclusion The evolution of pediatric mental health services in primary care suggests a continuing expansion from a focus initially on provider behavior and quality to a growing attention to patient and systems' behavior over time and within communities.
Magnetotactic cocci swim persistently along local magnetic field lines in a preferred direction that corresponds to downward migration along geomagnetic field lines. Recently, high cell concentrations of magnetotactic cocci have been found in the water columns of chemically stratified, marine and brackish habitats, and not always in the sediments, as would be expected for persistent, downward-migrating bacteria. Here we report that cells of a pure culture of a marine magnetotactic coccus, designated strain MC-1, formed microaerophilic bands in capillary tubes and used aerotaxis to migrate to a preferred oxygen concentration in an oxygen gradient. Cells were able to swim in either direction along the local magnetic field and used magnetotaxis in conjunction with aerotaxis, i.e., magnetically assisted aerotaxis, or magneto-aerotaxis, to more efficiently migrate to and maintain position at their preferred oxygen concentration. Cells of strain MC-1 had a novel, aerotactic sensory mechanism that appeared to function as a two-way switch, rather than the temporal sensory mechanism used by other bacteria, including Magnetospirillum megnetotacticum, in aerotaxis. The cells also exhibited a response to short-wavelength light (< or = 500 nm), which caused them to swim persistently parallel to the magnetic field during illumination.
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