Models for management of wildlife populations: lessons from spectacled bears in zoos and grizzly bears in Yellowstone

Faust, Lisa J.; Jackson, Rosemary; Ford, Andrew; Earnhardt, Joanne M.; Thompson, Steven D.

doi:10.1002/sdr.291

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…An interesting feature of the model is the use of a logistic growth formulation to model a density dependent tourism growth function. A far as mammals are concerned, Faust et al (2004) develop a stochastic, two sex, four stage model for grizzly bears in zoos, as well as the Yellowstone National Park. On the African continent, Weller et al (2014) model African penguin populations subject to a number of pressures, including oil spills and competition for food from the fishing industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Debunking the myth that a legal trade will solve the rhino horn crisis: A system dynamics model for market demand

Crookes

Blignaut

2015

Journal for Nature Conservation

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There is considerable debate in the literature over whether or not to legalise the trade in rhino horns. Here a system dynamics model is developed that considers five components: rhino abundance, rhino demand, a price model, an income model and a supply model. The results indicate that income elasticities are much greater than previously observed, while demand is relatively insensitive to price. At the same time, legalising the trade without income modification policies did not prevent extinction. The theory of s-curve growth may provide some indications of future growth patterns of Asian economies. Results suggest that, even though the demand curve for rhino horn may be downward sloping as conventional theory predicts, non-conventional demand management strategies may be more effective than price orientated demand curve strategies such as trade legalisation in curbing supply.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Debunking the myth that a legal trade will solve the rhino horn crisis: A system dynamics model for market demand

Crookes

Blignaut

2015

Journal for Nature Conservation

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“…Today, SD is used to inform decision making and policy in fields such as business (Ford, 1997;Sterman, 2000), health (Frerichs et al, 2016;Currie et al, 2018), social work (Trani et al, 2016;Appel et al, 2019;Fowler et al, 2019), and agriculture and natural resource management (Ford, 1999;Stave, 2010;Turner et al, 2016;Kopainsky et al, 2017). It has even been applied to species such as sage grouse (Beall and Zeoli, 2008), African penguins (Weller et al, 2014) and grizzly and spectacled bears (Faust et al, 2004).…”

Section: Toward a Systems Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Participatory System Dynamics Modeling to Address Complex Conservation Problems: Tiger Farming as a Case Study

Rieder

Larson

Sas‐Rolfes

et al. 2021

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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Conservation practitioners routinely work within complex social-ecological systems to address threats facing biodiversity and to promote positive human-wildlife interactions. Inadequate understanding of the direct and indirect, short- and long-term consequences of decision making within these dynamic systems can lead to misdiagnosed problems and interventions with perverse outcomes, exacerbating conflict. Participatory system dynamics (SD) modeling is a process that encourages stakeholder engagement, synthesizes research and knowledge, increases trust and consensus and improves transdisciplinary collaboration to solve these complex types of problems. Tiger conservation exemplifies a set of interventions in a complex social-ecological system. Wild tigers remain severely threatened by various factors, including habitat constraints, human-wildlife conflict, and persistent consumer demand for their body parts. Opinions differ on whether commercial captive tiger facilities reduce or increase the threat from poaching for trade, resulting in policy conflict among diverse stakeholder groups. This paper explains how we are working with international conservation partners in a virtual environment to utilize a participatory SD modeling approach with the goal of better understanding and promoting coexistence of humans and wild tigers. We highlight a step-by-step process that others might use to apply participatory SD modeling to address similar conservation challenges, building trust and consensus among diverse partners to reduce conflict and improve the efficacy of conservation interventions.

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“…System dynamics models may facilitate our understanding of conflicts between humans and large carnivores by integrating multiple factors that influence human–wildlife conflicts (e.g., Faust et al, 2004; Nyam et al, 2020; Patana et al, 2018) and through prioritizing management actions for effective mitigation of conflicts (Mai & Smith, 2018). Forrester (1961) developed system dynamics models to simplify understanding of how a system behaves via utilizing dynamic simulation models (Beall & Zeoli, 2008; Mahamoud et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living with wolves: Lessons learned from Iran

Mohammadi

Alambeigi

López‐Bao

et al. 2022

Conservat Sci and Prac

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Given the complex and dynamic interrelationships of the underlying factors contributing to conflicts associated with wolf presence and persistence in human-dominated landscapes, it is often difficult to clearly identify the ultimate causes of these conflicts. In this study, a system dynamics modeling approach was adopted to simulate human-wolf conflicts in an area with the greatest number of recently fatal wolf attacks on humans in Iran. Data used to build the model were obtained from questionnaire surveys and satellite tracking of wolves. We simulated changes in ecological and social factors that may influence conflicts under different assumptions. Our findings indicate that, in this context, the proximity of wolves to human settlements is one of the determining factors leading to increased wolf attacks on humans and livestock.When the distance between wolf territories and human settlements increases, the likelihood of both wolf incidents and retaliatory killings are expected to decrease. Effective communication of information regarding wolves across local communities is expected to result in a positive shift in attitudes toward the species, as well as a decrease in fear, which in turn will affect the rate of conflicts. Improper disposal of carcasses of domestic animals by the locals, dumping of waste in open dumpsites close to villages, and leaving children unattended on agricultural fields are expected to increase the recurrence of conflicts. We strongly urge Hamadan provincial office of environment and nongovernmental organizations to initiate communication programs to raise awareness on the human-wolf conflict and its mitigation. This includes how to properly handle livestock carcasses at safe distances from human settlements. Furthermore, design and construction of sanitary landfills in the vicinity of each village, as well as providing education on how to properly use these sites could help reduce risky conflicts.

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Models for management of wildlife populations: lessons from spectacled bears in zoos and grizzly bears in Yellowstone

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Debunking the myth that a legal trade will solve the rhino horn crisis: A system dynamics model for market demand

Debunking the myth that a legal trade will solve the rhino horn crisis: A system dynamics model for market demand

Using Participatory System Dynamics Modeling to Address Complex Conservation Problems: Tiger Farming as a Case Study

Living with wolves: Lessons learned from Iran

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