Modelling water stress vulnerability in small Andean basins: case study of Campoalegre River basin, Colombia

Moncada, Angélica; Escobar, Marisa; Betancourth, Angélica; Upegui, Jorge Julián Vélez; Nájera, Jeannette Zambrano; Alzate, Luis M.

doi:10.1080/07900627.2019.1699780

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In both studies, the WEAP model properly represents the hydrological processes. Furthermore, studies in the south American region [49,50] have demonstrated the value of the WEAP model in representing Andean catchment and water resource management. Hence, the WEAP model was chosen as the primary tool for car- The actions to reduce the growth rate and increase irrigation efficiency mitigate the unmet demand but do not solve it completely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Present and Future Water Security under Anthropogenic and Climate Changes Using WEAP Model in the Vilcanota-Urubamba Catchment, Cusco, Perú

Goyburo

Rau

Lavado‐Casimiro

et al. 2023

Water

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Water is an essential resource for social and economic development. The availability of this resource is constantly threatened by the rapid increase in its demand. This research assesses current (2010–2016), short- (2017–2040), middle- (2041–2070), and long-term (2071–2099) levels of water security considering socio-economic and climate change scenarios using the Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP) in Vilcanota-Urubamba (VUB) catchment. The streamflow data of the Pisac hydrometric station were used to calibrate (1987–2006) and validate (2007–2016) the WEAP Model applied to the VUB region. The Nash Sutcliffe efficiency values were 0.60 and 0.84 for calibration and validation, respectively. Different scenarios were generated for socio-economic factors (population growth and increased irrigation efficiency) and the impact of climate change to evaluate their effect on the current water supply system. The results reveal that water availability is much higher than the current demand in the VUB for the period (2010–2016). For short-, middle- and long term, two scenarios were considered, “Scenario 1” (RCP 4.5) and “Scenario 2” (RCP 8.5). Climate change scenarios show that water availability will increase. However, this increase will not cover the future demands in all the sub-basins because water availability is not evenly distributed in all of the VUB. In both scenarios, an unmet demand was detected from 2050. For the period 2071–2099, an unmet demand of 477 hm3/year for “Scenario 1” and 446 hm3/year for “Scenario 2” were estimated. Because population and agricultural demands are the highest, the effects of reducing the growth rate and improving the irrigation structure were simulated. Therefore, two more scenarios were generated “Scenario 3” (RCP 4.5 with management) and “Scenario 4” (RCP 8.5 with management). This socio-economic management proved to be effective in reducing the unmet demand up to 50% in all sub-basins for the period 2071–2099.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Present and Future Water Security under Anthropogenic and Climate Changes Using WEAP Model in the Vilcanota-Urubamba Catchment, Cusco, Perú

Goyburo

Rau

Lavado‐Casimiro

et al. 2023

Water

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“…In this issue we include papers on the impacts of farming practices on water resources in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE) (Al Tenaiji et al, 2019); engagement with indigenous communities in Ontario, Canada (Lukawiecki et al, 2019); improved water management to address the energy-food dilemma in Lao PRD (McCartney & Brunner, 2020); water stress vulnerability in the Andes (Moncada et al, 2020); multilevel governance mechanisms and lessons learned from water, forestry and migration policies (Shivakoti et al, 2019); water resources and textile maquilas in Puebla, Mexico (Trinidad Requena et al, 2019); 25 years of water projects in the West Bank (Trottier et al, 2019); and river basin institutions and governance in the Mekong River (Williams, 2020). We trust you will find ideas that are thought-provoking.…”

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confidence: 99%

Water reuse to address water security

Tortajada

2021

International Journal of Water Resources Development

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In the water sector, it is increasingly discussed that water reuse, or recycled wastewater, has become an essential part of the water cycle with an enormous potential to increase the amount of clean water that can be used for potable and non-potable purposes. Together with holistic management of water resources, which includes water conservation and efficiency measures, centralized and on-site water reuse programmes have contributed to diversify water portfolios for numerous uses, increasing water security.Water reuse for potable and non-potable purposes is implemented in a growing number of cities all over the world. Its main objective is to provide reliable sources of clean water while protecting human and environmental health (Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 2017; World Health Organization, 2017). Its main drivers are water scarcity and pollution; and the actual threat of not having enough clean water for all uses.At present, one of the most important initiatives on water reuse is the National Water Reuse Action Plan (WRAP) of the US EPA (2020a). On 16 September 2019, the EPA announced a collaborative call for action that led to the development of the draft WRAP (EPA, 2019). The draft plan aimed at building on science, research, policy, technology, and national and international experiences for the enhanced consideration of water reuse all over the country. It included the contributions of federal, state and tribal partners as well as stakeholders of the water sector with the objective to form partnerships and prepare and implement the plan.The draft WRAP acknowledges that the main challenges related to water reuse are in relation to the protection of public health and the environment, the cost of infrastructure upgrades, system assessment, installation and operation, and the protection of end-use quality needs (EPA, 2019). It encourages the collaboration of stakeholders on technical improvements; regulatory/policy aspects; financial initiatives; fit for purpose; water information use and availability; and public outreach. Source water can include municipal wastewater, industry process and cooling water, stormwater, agriculture runoff and return flows, and oil and gas-produced water. They all can be treated and reused for the specific purposes.Improving outreach and communication on water reuse is an important component of the draft WRAC. The plan highlights the importance of public acceptance and user confidence for the successful implementation of water reuse programmes across applications. Four main themes on potable reuse recur regarding public acceptance and concerns: water quality and safety, education, emotional response, and trust (EPA, 2019). The draft plan suggests the compilation and development of water reuse programme outreach and communication materials (Action 2.8.1), the development of a community of practice around the water reuse (Action 2.8.2), and pursuing a national branding campaign for water reuse (Action 2.8.3).Since potable water reuse is a new concept in many communities, the e...

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