Modelling Urban Coastal Flooding Through 2-D Array of Buildings Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

Abstract

A Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is used to investigate the flood characteristics occurring in an idealized city with two different building layouts: aligned layout and 22.5o skewed layout with respect to the direction of the incoming flow. The model results show that the water elevation is higher for the skewed city layout than that for the aligned city layout. The force due to the flood impact on the majority of buildings tend to be higher for the former than that for the latter. The complex flow features including a hydraulic jump during the flooding event are well captured by the SPH model.

Visualization of Flooding Using Adaptive Spatial Resolution

“…2D visualization of flooding utilizing adaptive spatial resolution is useful for multiple reasons. Firstly, earlier works of [21,24] provide insight about the benefits of utilizing 2D visualization alongside 3D as they underline that 2D representation is more maintainable and human-readable and therefore, it helps alleviate some of the complexities of 3D simulations. Moreover, through utilization of quadtrees and implementing the mechanism for the system to decide on which representation to choose, efficiency, as well as detail on demand are provided.…”

“…Nevertheless, 3D representation may distort or complicate human-readability of the study area and therefore, it might be significant to provide 2D representation of flooding alongside 3D information [21]. 3D simulation methods can still be utilized in 2D visualization of the environment to describe flooding [24]. Although 3D representation may carry more in terms of data and offer better compression [21], 2D representation can provide better performance [11] as less data is considered.…”