Modelling the Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi: The Need for an Integrated Genetic Epidemiological and Population Genomics Approach

Tibayrenc, Michel

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6064-1_14

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Although T. cruzi is potentially able to infect all mammalian species [16], according to the particularities of host, parasite genotype and their interactions, some species might maintain longer and/or higher parasitemias than others, which will probably reflect different potentials of these hosts to infect vectors and, thus, to serve as reservoirs in a particular intervals of time and space [17]. In this sense, the potential to infect vectors is directly related to the presence of trypomastigotes in the bloodstream of a given mammalian species, thus available to be taken up by the vector during its blood meal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Neotropical Wild Carnivores (Mammalia: Carnivora): At the Top of the T. cruzi Transmission Chain

et al. 2013

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Little is known on the role played by Neotropical wild carnivores in the Trypanosoma cruzi transmission cycles. We investigated T. cruzi infection in wild carnivores from three sites in Brazil through parasitological and serological tests. The seven carnivore species examined were infected by T. cruzi, but high parasitemias detectable by hemoculture were found only in two Procyonidae species. Genotyping by Mini-exon gene, PCR-RFLP (1f8/Akw21I) and kDNA genomic targets revealed that the raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus) harbored TcI and the coatis (Nasua nasua) harbored TcI, TcII, TcIII-IV and Trypanosoma rangeli, in single and mixed infections, besides four T. cruzi isolates that displayed odd band patterns in the Mini-exon assay. These findings corroborate the coati can be a bioaccumulator of T. cruzi Discrete Typing Units (DTU) and may act as a transmission hub, a connection point joining sylvatic transmission cycles within terrestrial and arboreal mammals and vectors. Also, the odd band patterns observed in coatis’ isolates reinforce that T. cruzi diversity might be much higher than currently acknowledged. Additionally, we assembled our data with T. cruzi infection on Neotropical carnivores’ literature records to provide a comprehensive analysis of the infection patterns among distinct carnivore species, especially considering their ecological traits and phylogeny. Altogether, fifteen Neotropical carnivore species were found naturally infected by T. cruzi. Species diet was associated with T. cruzi infection rates, supporting the hypothesis that predator-prey links are important mechanisms for T. cruzi maintenance and dispersion in the wild. Distinct T. cruzi infection patterns across carnivore species and study sites were notable. Musteloidea species consistently exhibit high parasitemias in different studies which indicate their high infectivity potential. Mesocarnivores that feed on both invertebrates and mammals, including the coati, a host that can be bioaccumulator of T. cruzi DTU’s, seem to take place at the top of the T. cruzi transmission chain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Neotropical Wild Carnivores (Mammalia: Carnivora): At the Top of the T. cruzi Transmission Chain

et al. 2013

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“…Variations in the clinical forms of Chagas disease and in the susceptibility/resistance of T. cruzi to specifi c treatment have been observed during evaluations of patients from distinct endemic regions 1,26 . These differences may be attributed to T. cruzi and host genetic diversity 10 in addition to environmental conditions, which were the same for all experimental groups in this study and were consequently not considered in our analyses 27 . These observations have prompted several research groups to isolate and characterize different samples of the parasite from distinct hosts and vectors species from domestic, peridomestic, and sylvatic environments [28][29][30][31] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and biological characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi strains isolated from children from Jequitinhonha Valley, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Silva

Assis

Oliveira

et al. 2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Finally, studies on genetic susceptibility of the host to infection by Chagas disease remain few and sparse even when considering the variation in transmission rates reported in different endemic populations, as recently reviewed by Tibayrenc (2010). Could host resistance to T. cruzi invasion or reduced severity of Chagas disease in some populations be related to variation in innate immune responses?…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelin and bradykinin: ‘brothers‐in‐arms’ in Chagas vasculopathies?

D’Orléans-Juste

Bkaily

Rae

2012

British J Pharmacology

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Reports of Chagas disease are increasing in non-endemic populations across the globe. Apart from vector eradication and prevention efforts by public health organizations, current pharmacological interventions are sparse and show important side effects. In this issue of the BJP, Andrade et al. elegantly demonstrate a new pharmacological paradigm whereby Trypanosoma cruzi host cell invasion requires significant cross-talk between receptors for kinins and endothelins. It is shown, for example, that acting via both ETA and ETB receptors, endothelin-1 (ET-1) cooperates with the (TLR2/CXCR2/B2 kinin receptor) complex to activate inflammatory processes in response to invading trypomastigotes.This study by Andrade et al. prompts, however, several important questions, summarized in this Commentary, such as the putative role of chymase-dependent production of ET-1, the contentious protective role of ACE inhibitors in Chagasic patients, the unexplored role of de novo formed B1 receptors for kinins triggered by cytokines and the putative role of compartmentalized calcium pools in host cell invasion by trypomastigotes. LINKED ARTICLEThis article is a commentary on Andrade et al., pp. 1333-1347 of this issue. To view this paper visit http://dx

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Modelling the Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi: The Need for an Integrated Genetic Epidemiological and Population Genomics Approach

Cited by 18 publications

References 64 publications

Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Neotropical Wild Carnivores (Mammalia: Carnivora): At the Top of the T. cruzi Transmission Chain

Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Neotropical Wild Carnivores (Mammalia: Carnivora): At the Top of the T. cruzi Transmission Chain

Molecular and biological characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi strains isolated from children from Jequitinhonha Valley, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Endothelin and bradykinin: ‘brothers‐in‐arms’ in Chagas vasculopathies?

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