“…It is very common that the affective component of the attitude influences the whole attitude (Batra & Ray, 1986;Holbrook & Hirschman, 1982;Hovorushchenko et al, 2020), and the over-concentration on the cognitive component hinders understanding the whole consumer attitude (Schwarz, 1997). Morris et al (2002) analyzed 23,000 responses to 240 advertising messages and found that the affective component dominated the prediction of action.…”