Modelling the performance of the cathode catalyst layer of polymer electrolyte fuel cells

Eikerling, Michael; Kornyshev, A. A.

doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(98)00214-9

Cited by 299 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Therefore, an electrode with a large exchange current will have a smaller voltage loss than one with a small exchange current. Exchange current can be expressed in several ways [32][33][34][35], for simplicity and without sacrificing the pertinent details, the equation…”

Section: Activation Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell at High-Altitude Conditions

Pratt

Brouwer

Samuelsen

2007

Journal of Propulsion and Power

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The effects of oxygen concentration and ambient pressure on fuel cell performance are explored both in theory and in experiment. For fuel cells in general the effect due to a change in oxygen concentration is shown to be fundamentally different than the effect due to a change in cathode pressure, even if partial pressure is held constant. For a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a significant reason for this difference comes from the nature of mass diffusion processes in the fuel cell structure, which infers that there is an optimum fuel cell design (macroscale and microscale) for a given operating pressure and oxygen concentration. In the experimental work a proton exchange membrane fuel cell was subjected to varying atmospheric conditions from sea level to 53,500 ft (16,307 m) with results analyzed up to 35,000 ft (10,668 m). The results showed that at low current density operation a decrease in either cathode pressure or concentration led to an increase in irreversible losses associated with reaction kinetics (activation polarization) and confirmed the differing effects of cathode pressure and oxygen concentration. Consideration of all these effects enables both fuel cell-and system-level optimization of aeronautical fuel cell-based power systems.

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Section: Activation Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell at High-Altitude Conditions

Pratt

Brouwer

Samuelsen

2007

Journal of Propulsion and Power

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“…The issue with this approach is that it does not glean any relevant structural information about the catalyst layer and, additionally, it generally over predicts the performance since mass transport limitations are not taken into account [32]. A second approach involves a few different scenarios that can be collectively referred to as thin film modeling [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. These models are more complex than the interface approach, but still relatively simple and easy to implement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several works have assumed the liquid floods the catalyst layer and reactant transport takes place through the flooded porous media [33][34][35]. Others have assumed there are large, gas phase pores that exist due to hydrophobic binders such as PTFE coupled with smaller hydrophilic pores [36][37][38][39]. Many of these works focus on gas phase diffusion through the catalyst layer as the primary mass transport resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a Coated Film Catalyst Layer Model to a High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell with Low Catalyst Loading Produced by Reactive Spray Deposition Technology

et al. 2015

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Abstract:In this study, a semi-empirical model is presented that correlates to previously obtained experimental overpotential data for a high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC). The goal is to reinforce the understanding of the performance of the cell from a modeling perspective. The HT-PEMFC membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were constructed utilizing an 85 wt. % phosphoric acid doped Advent TPS ® membranes for the electrolyte and gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) manufactured byReactive Spray Deposition Technology (RSDT). MEAs with varying ratios of PTFE binder to carbon support material (I/C ratio) were manufactured and their performance at various operating temperatures was recorded. The semi-empirical model derivation was based on the coated film catalyst layer approach and was calibrated to the experimental data by a least squares method. The behavior of important physical parameters as a function of I/C ratio and operating temperature were explored. OPEN ACCESSCatalysts 2015, 5 1674

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“…In the first model [11,12,37,53,89,102,111,172,192,193], denoted PE, just the porouselectrode equations are used (as given in the previous section), and the reaction site is assumed to be just the catalyst interface.…”

Section: Reaction-site Models (Local Length Scale)mentioning

confidence: 99%