Modelling the mechanical structure of extreme shear ruptures with friction approaching zero generated in brittle materials

Тарасов, Б. Г.; Гузев, М. А.; Sadovskii, V. M.; Cassidy, Mark

doi:10.1007/s10704-017-0223-1

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The presented results have significant impact on the assessment of gas traps stability of excavations during mining operations. Future plans for the exploitation of copper deposits in the neighborhood of the existing gas deposits in Poland should give reason for the re-investigation of the Rotliegend sandstone succession in the case of gas trap Tarasov et al 2017) occurrence in the floor of excavations in the Rudna Copper Mine. Moreover, the presented results are the base for planning of underground storage of mineral resources or wastes in closed mines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming the wave nature of stress propagation in the rock mass (Tarasov et al 2017), accumulation of stress might have occurred on the boundaries of dolomite facies around the boreholes. Based on this interpretation, we suggest that the mosaic structure of the reservoir horizon causes the occurrence of mechanical boundaries between dolosparite with high porosity and permeability (characterized by low strength) and the other dolomite facies (Dsl and Dms) with higher strength.…”

Section: Influence Of Mining Operations On Gas Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas trap stability in the Zechstein Limestone from the Rudna Copper Mine (SW Poland)

Poszytek

Rybak-Ostrowska

Łukaszewski

et al. 2020

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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A gas and crashed rock burst in 2009 in the Rudna Copper Mine was the motivation to re-investigate the dolomite succession of the first Permian cyclothem (Werra), which covers the ceiling section of the excavations. Gas traps were recognized by previous research; however, the stability of gas traps during mining operations has not been studied yet. Mitigation of future gas bursts requires a complex analysis of these gas traps, involving petrological, petrophysical and mechanical analysis of the reservoir dolomite facies. The results indicate the significant influence of dolomite texture, porosity and extent of late diagenetic dolomite cement on the reservoir and geomechanical properties, and the induced failure pattern of the dolomite facies. The mechanism of dolomite failure allowed for interpreting the degree of dolomite degassing during and after mining operations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of Mining Operations On Gas Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas trap stability in the Zechstein Limestone from the Rudna Copper Mine (SW Poland)

Poszytek

Rybak-Ostrowska

Łukaszewski

et al. 2020

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…The fan theory proposes new explanations for a number of other abnormalities and paradoxes associated with extreme rupture dynamics (including supershears) observed in natural and laboratory conditions [19,20,43]. Mathematical models were developed which allow studying unique features of the fan mechanism and simulating the process of extreme rupture development at different loading conditions [43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Boris Tarasovmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dramatic Weakening and Embrittlement of Intact Hard Rocks in the Earth’s Crust at Seismic Depths as a Cause of Shallow Earthquakes

Тарасов¹

2019

Earth Crust

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Frictional stick-slip instability on pre-existing faults is well studied experimentally and considered as the general mechanism for shallow earthquakes. At the same time, post-peak properties of intact hard rocks under high confining stresses σ 3 corresponding to seismic depths of shallow earthquakes are still unexplored experimentally due to uncontrollable and violent failure of rock specimens even on modern stiff and servocontrolled testing machines. The lack of knowledge about post-peak properties of the majority of the earthquake host rocks prevents us from understanding and quantifying the contribution of these rocks to shallow earthquakes. This paper discusses a recently identified shear rupture mechanism operating in hard rocks under high σ 3 which causes dramatic rock weakening and embrittlement (by tenths of times) during the post-peak failure. The unknown before 'abnormal' properties of hard rocks imply the fundamentally different general mechanisms for shallow earthquakes. It is shown that in the earth's crust, the new mechanism acts in the vicinity of pre-existing faults only and provides the formation of new dynamic faults in intact rocks at very low shear stresses (significantly less than the frictional strength). The fault propagation is characterised by extremely low rupture energy and small stress drop. These 'abnormal' properties make hard rocks the main and more dangerous source of shallow earthquakes in comparison with pre-existing faults.

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“…Since extraordinary features of the fan mechanism and the properties of rocks determined by it are contradictory to the modern ideas, the fan‐hinged approach is viewed with great skepticism and distrust. The problem is that in the brief papers published so far, it was impossible to present this extremely complex and extensive topic with clear arguments, reliable evidence, and detailed discussion (Tarasov, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017, 2019; Tarasov & Guzev, 2013; Tarasov & Ortlepp, 2007; Tarasov & Potvin, 2013; Tarasov & Randolph, 2008, 2011, 2016; Tarasov & Sadovskii, 2016; Tarasov et al, 2016, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fan‐hinged shear instead of frictional stick–slip as the main and most dangerous mechanism of natural, induced, and volcanic earthquakes in the earth's crust

Tarasov

2023

Deep Underground Science and Engineering

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Frictional stick–slip instability along pre‐existing faults has been accepted as the main mechanism of earthquakes for about 60 years, since it is believed that fracture of intact rocks cannot reflect such features inherent in earthquakes as low shear stresses activating instability, low stress drop, repetitive dynamic instability, and connection with pre‐existing faults. This paper demonstrates that all these features can be induced by a recently discovered shear rupture mechanism (fan‐hinged), which creates dynamic ruptures in intact rocks under stress conditions corresponding to seismogenic depths. The key element of this mechanism is the fan‐shaped structure of the head of extreme ruptures, which is formed as a result of an intense tensile cracking process, with the creation of inter‐crack slabs that act as hinges between the shearing rupture faces. The preference of the fan mechanism over the stick–slip mechanism is clear due to the extraordinary properties of the fan structure, which include the ability to generate new faults in intact dry rocks even at shear stresses that are an order of magnitude lower than the frictional strength; to provide shear resistance close to zero and abnormally large energy release; to cause a low stress drop; to use a new physics of energy supply to the rupture tip, providing supersonic rupture velocity; and to provide a previously unknown interrelation between earthquakes and volcanoes. All these properties make the fan mechanism the most dangerous rupture mechanism at the seismogenic depths of the earth's crust, generating the vast majority of earthquakes. The detailed analysis of the fan mechanism is presented in the companion paper “New physics of supersonic ruptures” published in DUSE. Further study of this subject is a major challenge for deep underground science, earthquake and fracture mechanics, volcanoes, physics, and tribology.

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Modelling the mechanical structure of extreme shear ruptures with friction approaching zero generated in brittle materials

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Gas trap stability in the Zechstein Limestone from the Rudna Copper Mine (SW Poland)

Gas trap stability in the Zechstein Limestone from the Rudna Copper Mine (SW Poland)

Dramatic Weakening and Embrittlement of Intact Hard Rocks in the Earth’s Crust at Seismic Depths as a Cause of Shallow Earthquakes

Fan‐hinged shear instead of frictional stick–slip as the main and most dangerous mechanism of natural, induced, and volcanic earthquakes in the earth's crust

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