Modelling the effects of typhoons on morphological changes in the Estuary of Beinan, Taiwan

Huang, Weimin

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2017.01.011

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…On the one hand, typhoon transit strengthens the mixing process of offshore water [44][45][46]. On the other hand, the heavy rainfall brought by a typhoon rapidly increases river runoff into the sea, and a large amount of land-based materials are washed away and brought into the estuary offshore area [47][48][49][50]. These changes due to the influence of a typhoon significantly affect the physical, chemical and biological processes of estuarine offshore waters, which in turn have an impact on the structure and function of the ecosystem [51][52][53].…”

Section: Sea Surface Salinity Response To Tropical Cyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of the Coastal Ocean to Tropical Cyclones

Wu¹,

Conde²

2020

Current Topics in Tropical Cyclone Research

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The Northwest Pacific and the South China Sea region are the birthplaces of most monsoon disturbances and tropical cyclones and are an important channel for the generation and transmission of water vapor. The Northwest Pacific plays a major role in regulating interdecadal and long-term changes in climate. China experiences the largest number of typhoon landfalls and the most destructive power affected by typhoons in the world. The hidden dangers of typhoon disasters are accelerating with the acceleration of urbanization, the rapid development of economic construction and global warming. The coastal cities are the most dynamic and affluent areas of China's economic development. They are the strong magnetic field that attracts international capital in China, and are also the most densely populated areas and important port groups in China. Although these regions are highly developed, they are vulnerable to disasters. When typhoons hit, the economic losses and casualties caused by gale, heavy rain and storm surges were particularly serious. This chapter reviews the response of coastal ocean to tropical cyclones, included sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, storm surge simulation and extreme rainfall under the influence of tropical cyclones.

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Section: Sea Surface Salinity Response To Tropical Cyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of the Coastal Ocean to Tropical Cyclones

Wu¹,

Conde²

2020

Current Topics in Tropical Cyclone Research

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“…The average wave height is larger on the western coast than that on the northern and eastern coasts, and the tide range is larger on the northern coast than the southern coast (Wang et al, 1983). In addition, typhoon processes affect sediment erosion and accretion of eastern coast considerably, because of their strong winds, high waves, strong currents, and heavy rains (Tu et al, 2016;Huang, 2017).…”

Section: Dominant Factor Controlling the Estuarine Geomorphological Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The geomorphological variability of estuaries in coastal Hainan arises an interesting question related to the geomorphological evolution from an estuary to a river delta, i.e., whether or not there is a threshold flux of fluvial sediment for forming a river delta.. Whether or not the fluvial sediment will settle down in an estuary and eventually contribute to the delta formation depends upon many factors, such as river flow patterns in an estuary (Bates, 1953), gravitational circulation (Dyer, 1995), tidal pumping (Dyer, 1995;Yu et al, 2014), flocculation processes (Eisma, 1986), wave processes (Aston and Giosan, 2011;Nienhuis et al, 2015), typhoon (Huang, 2017), and water depth (Gao, 2007). Although in situ observations could be used to obtained precise sediment budgets of the estuaries, they cost a great deal of time and money; further, those processes occurred in past cannot be obtain by observation.…”

Section: Threshold Sediment Flux For the Formation Of River Deltasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threshold sediment flux for the formation of river deltas in Hainan Island, southern China

Zhou

et al. 2019

J. Geogr. Sci.

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The knowledge of geomorphological evolution from an estuary to a river delta is necessary to form the formulation of comprehensive land-ocean interaction management strategies. In this study, the dominant factor controlling the geomorphological variability and the threshold sediment flux (TSF) to form a river delta in Hainan Island, southern China, including accommodation space, sediment supply, and reworking forces, was investigated by the method of big data analytics. The results indicated the 25 estuaries in consideration can be divided into three geographical groups, i.e. the multi-factors-controlled northern mixed estuaries, wave-dominated western estuaries with river deltas, and typhoon-dominated eastern coastal lagoon estuaries. For alluvial plain (AP) estuaries, the order of magnitude of TSFs is the smallest (10 1 kt•yr-1), for barrier-lagoon (BL) ones is the highest (> 10 2 kt•yr-1), and for drowned valley (DV) ones is moderate (10 2 kt•yr-1). The river deltas associated with DV systems should be relatively large, and those related to BLs should be small, with the AP deltas being between the above mentioned types. The present study provides a technique to evaluate the role played by TSF for the formation of river deltas in micro-tidal and wave-dominated and typhoon-influenced coastal environments.

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“…On the one hand, typhoon transit strengthens the mixing process of offshore water [14][15][16]. On the other hand, the heavy rainfall brought by a typhoon rapidly increases river runoff into the sea, and a large amount of land-based materials are washed away and brought into the estuary offshore area [17][18][19][20]. These changes due to the influence of a typhoon significantly affect the physical, chemical and biological processes of estuarine offshore waters, which in turn have an impact on the structure and function of the ecosystem [13,[21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation of Fresh and Salt Water Distribution in the Pearl River Estuary during a Typhoon Using a Fully Coupled Atmosphere-Wave-Ocean Model

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2019

Water

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Typhoons are major marine dynamic disasters that affect the coastal ocean areas of China. During a typhoon, the coupling dynamic factors, such as wind, waves, storm surges, and river runoff, greatly enhance the mass and energy exchange at the various interfaces of the ocean. A fully coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean model in the South China Sea (SCS) was established based on the WRF, SWAN, and ROMS models. The variation of sea surface salinity (SSS) and ocean subsurface salinity caused by Typhoon Kai-tak (201213) was analyzed by the fully coupled model, and the basic characteristics of the response of the upper ocean to the typhoon are given in this paper. The simulation results demonstrate that the salinity of the sea surface showed a sharp change during Typhoon Kai-tak, and it changed gradually after entering the recovery period. During the passage of Typhoon Kai-tak, the disturbance caused by strong winds strengthened the mixing process of the water in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and its adjacent waters. As the typhoon developed, under the influence of Ekman pumping, the mixing effect between the subsurface and the bottom and the upper water was obvious. Before the impact of Typhoon Kai-tak, the salinity had obvious stratification characteristics along the water depth. Due to the influence of the storm surge, the surface water with increased salinity was transported to the estuary, which led to an increase in the salinity of the estuary’s surface water. In this condition, it is highly likely for there to be saltwater intrusion. The salinity distribution characteristics of three schemes (ROMS model only, coupled WRF-ROMS model, and fully coupled WRF-SWAN-ROMS model) were compared in this study. In the fully coupled WRF-SWAN-ROMS model, the disturbance of the bottom water was the most obvious, and the salinity value was greater than that of the coupled WRF-ROMS model, which indicates that under the influence of waves, the mixing and exchange abilities were strengthened.

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Modelling the effects of typhoons on morphological changes in the Estuary of Beinan, Taiwan

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Response of the Coastal Ocean to Tropical Cyclones

Response of the Coastal Ocean to Tropical Cyclones

Threshold sediment flux for the formation of river deltas in Hainan Island, southern China

Numerical Investigation of Fresh and Salt Water Distribution in the Pearl River Estuary during a Typhoon Using a Fully Coupled Atmosphere-Wave-Ocean Model

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