Modelling the effects of nitrogen on canopy development and crop growth

Keulen, H. van; Goudriaan, J.; Seligman, N. G.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511752308.006

Cited by 70 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…4), which is positively correlated with average internal CO2 partial pressure . As the organic nitrogen content of leaves, usually correlated with photosynthetic activity (Van Keulen et al, 1989), was also higher in Mexipak, it is likely that the average rate of net photosynthesis was higher in Mexipak. The single measurements of leaf conductance and photosynthesis do not confirm these conclusions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, biomass allocation and water use efficiency of two wheat cultivars in a mediterranean environment; a pot experiment under field conditions

Veneklaas

Peacock

1994

Plant Soil

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Plants of two bread wheat cultivars, Triticum aestivum L. 'Katya AI' and 'Mexipak 65', were grown in pots during the crop season in the field in NW Syria, a region with a Mediterranean climate. The experiment involved two treatments. Control plants were well-watered throughout the experiment (watering to 0.22 g water g-1 dry soil). In the second treatment, water was withheld from the plants until soil water content had decreased to 0.10 g water g-1 dry soil, the level that was maintained thereafter. Water use was measured by weighing the pots, and growth by destructive sampling. Growth of Katya and Mexipak was similar. Mexipak had a lower (though not significant at p < 0.05) plant water use efficiency (WUEp) in both treatments due to higher rates of water loss. On a leaf area basis differences in water use were especially high since Mexipak had a smaller total leaf area. In spite of a smaller investment in photosynthesizing area, Mexipak achieved similar growth as Katya. Carbon isotope discrimination and organic nitrogen concentration (both higher for Mexipak) suggest that Mexipak accomplished higher mean net photosynthetic rates with a higher mean leaf diffusive conductance, higher intercellular carbon dioxide partial pressure, and possibly a greater investment in the photosynthetic apparatus compared to Katya. Differences in carbon isotope discrimination suggest a larger difference in average photosynthetic WUE (net photosynthesis/transpiration) than in plant WUE. This could indicate that loss of carbon in respiration was greater in Katya. Gas exchange measurements on the youngest fully expanded leaves showed only minor differences between the cultivars. It is hypothesized that Mexipak, with a smaller total leaf area, is able to maintain high leaf conductance and photosynthesis for a longer period of time during the day or during the life span of leaves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, biomass allocation and water use efficiency of two wheat cultivars in a mediterranean environment; a pot experiment under field conditions

Veneklaas

Peacock

1994

Plant Soil

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“…Even with an optimal N supply, the plant N concentration declines with age or DM accumulation. This is because, in older plants, a greater proportion of resources is diverted to structural support and other non-photosynthetic material of low N content (Caloin & Yu 1984;van Keulen et al 1989). This effect was highlighted by the increase in the relative amount of pseudostem compared with leaf DM or reduced leaf: stem ratio over time (Fig.…”

Section: Physiological Changes With Leaf Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling net photosynthetic rate of field‐grown cocksfoot leaves to account for regrowth duration

Peri

Moot²,

McNeil

et al. 2003

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Maximum light-saturated photosynthetic rate (P max ) of field-grown cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) leaves was measured in a temperate, sub-humid environment (Canterbury, New Zealand). The aim was to derive an individual function for P max of newly expanded leaves against regrowth duration when other environmental factors were nonlimiting. The decrease in P max with regrowth duration was described by a quadratic function. From 20 to 25 days regrowth, P max per unit of leaf was constant and maximal (27.4 µmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 ). It then decreased by 0.42 µmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 per day of regrowth. The decline in P max was attributed to (i) differences in chronological age of the youngest expanded leaf as shown by changes in tiller morphology over time, and (ii) shading within the canopy during leaf expansion. These factors affected P max by decreasing the leaf nitrogen and chlorophyll content, and stomatal conductance. The function for regrowth duration was an additional factor included in a multiplicative model to predict P max with different levels of temperature, nitrogen, and water status, expressed as pre-dawn leaf water potential (Ψ lp ). The only interaction detected was when water stress increased (Ψ lp < -1.2 bar) and leaves had grown for 40-60 days. In this limited situation, stomatal closure at 40-60 days was greater than expected from the non-limiting condition. The inclusion of this function into a simple multiplicative model enabled 80% of the variation in P max for individual cocksfoot leaves to be explained by their temperature, nitrogen, water, and regrowth status. These functions could then be used to develop a canopy photosynthesis model for the prediction of cocksfoot pasture production.

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“…Nitrogen is often considered as the primary determinant of crop productivity [35]. Nitrogen stresses cause qualitative depreciation of crops [1] and affect plant growth by altering both leaf area and photosynthetic capacity [31].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early detection of N deficiency in a wheat crop using physiological and radiometric methods

Vouillot¹,

Huet²,

Boissard

1998

Agronomie

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Modelling the effects of nitrogen on canopy development and crop growth

Cited by 70 publications

References 46 publications

Growth, biomass allocation and water use efficiency of two wheat cultivars in a mediterranean environment; a pot experiment under field conditions

Growth, biomass allocation and water use efficiency of two wheat cultivars in a mediterranean environment; a pot experiment under field conditions

Modelling net photosynthetic rate of field‐grown cocksfoot leaves to account for regrowth duration

Early detection of N deficiency in a wheat crop using physiological and radiometric methods

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