Modelling temporal variability in the carbon balance of a spruce/moss boreal forest

Frolking, Steve; Goulden, Michael L.; Wofsy, Steven C.; Fan, Song‐Miao; Sutton, D J; Munger, J. William; Bazzaz, A.; Daube, Bruce C.; Crill, Patrick; Aber, John D.; Band, Lawrence E.; Wang, X; Savage, K. E.; Moore, Tim R.; Harriss, Robert C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.1996.tb00086.x

Cited by 143 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Parameterization of the ecophysiological and allometric variables for each cover type, or vegetation layer within a cover type, was based on the literature review of White, and on earlier applications of Biome-BGC and similar process models in these biomes (Frolking et al, 1996;Kimball et al, 1999Kimball et al, , 1997Running, 1994). Biomass carbon pools were determined allometrically by reference to the LAI (see below).…”

Section: Process Model Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling Gross Primary Production (GPP) over boreal and deciduous forest landscapes in support of MODIS GPP product validation

Turner

2003

Remote Sensing of Environment

131

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The Moderate Resolution Imaging Radiometer (MODIS) is the primary instrument in the NASA Earth Observing System for monitoring the seasonality of global terrestrial vegetation. Estimates of 8-day mean daily gross primary production (GPP) at the 1 km spatial resolution are now operationally produced by the MODIS Land Science Team for the global terrestrial surface using a production efficiency approach. In this study, the 2001 MODIS GPP product was compared with scaled GPP estimates (25 km 2 ) based on ground measurements at two forested sites. The ground-based GPP scaling approach relied on a carbon cycle process model run in a spatially distributed mode. Land cover classification and maximum annual leaf area index, as derived from Landsat ETM+ imagery, were used in model initiation. The model was driven by daily meteorological observations from an eddy covariance flux tower situated at the center of each site. Model simulated GPPs were corroborated with daily GPP estimates from the flux tower. At the hardwood forest site, the MODIS GPP phenology started earlier than was indicated by the scaled GPP, and the summertime GPP from MODIS was generally lower than the scaled GPP values. The fall-off in production at the end of the growing season was similar to the validation data. At the boreal forest site, the GPP phenologies generally agreed because both responded to the strong signal associated with minimum temperature. The midsummer MODIS GPP there was generally higher than the ground-based GPP. The differences between the MODIS GPP products and the ground-based GPPs were driven by differences in the timing of FPAR and the magnitude of light use efficiency as well as by differences in other inputs to the MODIS GPP algorithm-daily incident PAR, minimum temperature, and vapor pressure deficit. Ground-based scaling of GPP has the potential to improve the parameterization of light use efficiency in satellite-based GPP monitoring algorithms. D

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Section: Process Model Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling Gross Primary Production (GPP) over boreal and deciduous forest landscapes in support of MODIS GPP product validation

Turner

2003

Remote Sensing of Environment

131

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“…Knowledge of long-term ecosystem CO 2 fluxes or net ecosystem exchange (NEE), may be attained using the eddy-covariance (EC) technique, which is now being applied at a number of sites world-wide (Hollinger et al 1994;Amthor et al 1994;Fan et al 1995;Waring et al 1995;Greco & Baldocchi 1996;Baldocchi & Vogel 1996;Baldocchi, Vogel & Hall 1997a,b;Frolking et al 1996;Goulden et al 1996aGoulden et al ,b, 1998Katul et al 1997a,b;Baldocchi & Meyers 1998;Kaiser 1998;Lai et al 2000a). Despite the wide usage of EC methods, quantifying NEE from estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (R E ) remains a critical research thrust in quantifying annual carbon balance because such a separation (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling assimilation and intercellular CO₂ from measured conductance: a synthesis of approaches

Katul

Ellsworth

Lai

2000

Plant Cell & Environment

143

129

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A spectrum of models that estimate assimilation rate A from intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) and measured stomatal conductance to CO2 (gc) were investigated using leaf‐level gas exchange measurements. The gas exchange measurements were performed in a uniform loblolly pine stand (Pinus taeda L.) using the Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) facility under ambient and elevated atmospheric CO2 for 3 years. These measurements were also used to test a newly proposed framework that combines basic properties of the A–Ci curve with a Fickian diffusion transport model to predict the relationship between Ci/Ca and gc, where Ca is atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. The widely used Ball–Berry model and five other models as well as the biochemical model proposed by Farquhar et al. (1980) were also reformulated to express variations in Ci/Ca as a function of their corresponding driving mechanisms. To assess the predictive capabilities of these approaches, their respective parameters were estimated from independent measurements of long‐term stable carbon isotope determinations (δ13C), meteorological variables, and ensemble A–Ci curves. All eight approaches reproduced the measured A reasonably well, in an ensemble sense, from measured water vapour conductance and modeled Ci/Ca. However, the scatter in the instantaneous A estimates was sufficiently large for both ambient and elevated Ca to suggest that other transient processes were not explicitly resolved by all eight parameterizations. An important finding from our analysis is that added physiological complexity in modeling Ci/Ca (when gc is known) need not always translate to increased accuracy in predicting A. Finally, the broader utility of these approaches to estimate assimilation and net ecosystem exchange is discussed in relation to elevated atmospheric CO2.

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“…The water table represents the boundary between these two zones, and its depth is allowed to change over time with changes in soil moisture. The maximum thickness of the upper unsaturated layer is represented by the maximum water table depth (z b ), which is assumed to be 30 cm [Frolking et al, 1996;Granberg et al, 1999]. The minimum thickness of the lower saturated layer is the difference between the depth of the lower boundary (L B ) and 30 cm.…”

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confidence: 99%

Methane fluxes between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere at northern high latitudes during the past century: A retrospective analysis with a process‐based biogeochemistry model

Zhuang

Melillo

Kicklighter

et al. 2004

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

311

503

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[1] We develop and use a new version of the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM) to study how rates of methane (CH 4 ) emissions and consumption in high-latitude soils of the Northern Hemisphere have changed over the past century in response to observed changes in the region's climate. We estimate that the net emissions of CH 4 (emissions minus consumption) from these soils have increased by an average 0.08 Tg CH 4 yr À1 during the twentieth century. Our estimate of the annual net emission rate at the end of the century for the region is 51 Tg CH 4 yr À1 . Russia, Canada, and Alaska are the major CH 4 regional sources to the atmosphere, responsible for 64%, 11%, and 7% of these net emissions, respectively. Our simulations indicate that large interannual variability in net CH 4 emissions occurred over the last century. Our analyses of the responses of net CH 4 emissions to the past climate change suggest that future global warming will increase net CH 4 emissions from the Pan-Arctic region. The higher net CH 4 emissions may increase atmospheric CH 4 concentrations to provide a major positive feedback to the climate system.

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Modelling temporal variability in the carbon balance of a spruce/moss boreal forest

Cited by 143 publications

References 67 publications

Scaling Gross Primary Production (GPP) over boreal and deciduous forest landscapes in support of MODIS GPP product validation

Scaling Gross Primary Production (GPP) over boreal and deciduous forest landscapes in support of MODIS GPP product validation

Modelling assimilation and intercellular CO₂ from measured conductance: a synthesis of approaches

Methane fluxes between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere at northern high latitudes during the past century: A retrospective analysis with a process‐based biogeochemistry model

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Modelling temporal variability in the carbon balance of a spruce/moss boreal forest

Cited by 143 publications

References 67 publications

Scaling Gross Primary Production (GPP) over boreal and deciduous forest landscapes in support of MODIS GPP product validation

Scaling Gross Primary Production (GPP) over boreal and deciduous forest landscapes in support of MODIS GPP product validation

Modelling assimilation and intercellular CO2 from measured conductance: a synthesis of approaches

Methane fluxes between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere at northern high latitudes during the past century: A retrospective analysis with a process‐based biogeochemistry model

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Modelling assimilation and intercellular CO₂ from measured conductance: a synthesis of approaches