Modelling <scp>s</scp>almon lice, <i><scp>L</scp>epeophtheirus salmonis</i>, reproduction on farmed <scp>A</scp>tlantic salmon, <i><scp>S</scp>almo salar</i> L

Stormoen, Marit; Skjerve, Eystein; Aunsmo, Arnfinn

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2761.2012.01415.x

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…As dispersal of infective larvae is largely dependent on water currents, mapping of the latter phenomena has been performed thoroughly in relation to sea lice dispersal and reproduction [21,45,46].…”

Section: Resistance Development: Geographical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug resistance in sea lice: a threat to salmonid aquaculture

Aaen

Helgesen

Bakke

et al. 2015

Trends in Parasitology

337

287

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Section: Resistance Development: Geographical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug resistance in sea lice: a threat to salmonid aquaculture

Aaen

Helgesen

Bakke

et al. 2015

Trends in Parasitology

337

287

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“…, Stormoen et al. ). Farms often apply louse treatments when the average intensity of female sea lice per fish exceeds a pre‐defined threshold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…) and models (Stormoen et al. , Groner et al. ) also suggest constraints on mating at densities below two to three adult females per farmed Atlantic salmon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Mate limitation in sea lice infesting wild salmon hosts: the influence of parasite sex ratio and aggregation

et al. 2017

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Mate limitation in dioecious parasite species has the potential to impact parasite population growth. Our focus of interest was the influence of parasite sex distribution among hosts on parasite reproduction and transmission dynamics for populations of ectoparasitic sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis Krøyer) establishing on wild juvenile salmon hosts. The data included more than 139,000 out‐migrating juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum)) and chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum)) in British Columbia, Canada, sampled over nine years. For almost all years, the sex ratio of the reproductive stages of the sea lice was female‐biased. The probability of a female being able to mate (i.e., of being attached to a fish also carrying a male louse) increased with increasing parasite abundance and parasite aggregation. We compared, with expected modeling predictions, the observed prevalence of pairs of sea lice (i.e., one reproductive louse of each sex) on a given fish and the observed probability of a female being able to mate. These comparisons showed that male and female sea lice tend to be distributed together rather than separately on hosts. Distribution together means that sea lice are distributed randomly on hosts according to a common negative binomial distribution, whereas distribution separately means that males are distributed according to a negative binomial and females are distributed in their own negative binomial among hosts. Despite the tendency for distribution together we found that, in every year, at least 30% of reproductive female sea lice experience mate limitation. This Allee effect will result in submaximal rates of parasite reproduction at low parasite abundances and may limit parasite transmission. The work has important implications for salmon parasite management and the health both of captive farm salmon populations and migratory wild stocks. More broadly, these results demonstrate the potential impact of mate limitation as a constraint to the establishment and spread of wild ectoparasite populations.

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“…At both host and farm scales, this spatial heterogeneity has implications for sea louse demography and monitoring [20]. Monte Carlo simulations and matrix population modelling suggest that when sea louse abundance is maintained below a mean of three gravid females per host on farms, mate limitation decreases the rate of sea louse reproduction [20,55]. However, over-dispersion of sea lice on hosts can increase mating success by bringing males and females into contact more frequently [20].…”

Section: Management Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from sea louse and salmon epidemiology

Groner

Rogers

Bateman

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Effective disease management can benefit from mathematical models that identify drivers of epidemiological change and guide decision-making. This is well illustrated in the host-parasite system of sea lice and salmon, which has been modelled extensively due to the economic costs associated with sea louse infections on salmon farms and the conservation concerns associated with sea louse infections on wild salmon. Consequently, a rich modelling literature devoted to sea louse and salmon epidemiology has been developed. We provide a synthesis of the mathematical and statistical models that have been used to study the epidemiology of sea lice and salmon. These studies span both conceptual and tactical models to quantify the effects of infections on host populations and communities, describe and predict patterns of transmission and dispersal, and guide evidence-based management of wild and farmed salmon. As aquaculture production continues to increase, advances made in modelling sea louse and salmon epidemiology should inform the sustainable management of marine resources.

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Modelling salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, reproduction on farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Drug resistance in sea lice: a threat to salmonid aquaculture

Drug resistance in sea lice: a threat to salmonid aquaculture

Mate limitation in sea lice infesting wild salmon hosts: the influence of parasite sex ratio and aggregation

Lessons from sea louse and salmon epidemiology

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