Modelling Offshore Wave farms for Coastal Process Impact Assessment: Waves, Beach Morphology, and Water Users

Stokes, Christopher; Conley, Daniel

doi:10.3390/en11102517

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Several authors consider this value a realistic approach for a generic wave farm, as in the case of Rusu and Onea at 20% [4] or Onea and Rusu at 25% [42]. In the work of Stokes and Conley [43], a WEC derived absorption index was proposed that could go up to 42%.…”

Section: Coastal Impact Of the Generic Farm(s)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island

Onea

Rusu

2019

Water

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Coastal areas are defined by numerous opportunities and threats. Among them we can mention emerging renewable projects and on the other hand coastal erosion. In the present work, the impact of a generic wind–wave farm on the nearshore waves and currents in the vicinity of the Porto Ferro inlet (northwest Sardinia) was assessed. Using a reanalysis wave dataset that covers a 40-year interval (1979–2018), the most relevant wave characteristics in the target area were identified. These can reach during winter a maximum value of 7.35 m for the significant wave height. As a next step, considering a modeling system that combines a wave model (simulating waves nearshore (SWAN)) and a surf model, the coastal impact of some generic marine energy farms defined by a transmission coefficient of 25% was assessed. According to the results corresponding to the reference sites and lines defined close to the shore, it becomes obvious that there is a clear attenuation in terms of significant wave heights, and as regards current velocities, although the general tendency for them to decrease, there are, however, some situations when the values of the nearshore current velocities can also decrease. Finally, we can mention that the presence of a marine energy farm seems to be beneficial for the beach stability in this particular coastal environment, and in some cases the transformation of the breaking waves from plunging to spilling is noticed.

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Section: Coastal Impact Of the Generic Farm(s)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island

Onea

Rusu

2019

Water

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“…Since the wave energy sector is moving forward, the next step is to assemble various wave farms and test their operation. Therefore, it is important to predict in advance the expected coastal impact of such a project [44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Expected Shoreline Impact of the Marine Energy Farms Operating in Different Coastal Environments

Raileanu

Onea

Rusu

2020

JMSE

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The aim of the present work is to provide an overview of the possible implications involving the influence of a generic marine energy farm on the nearshore processes. Several case studies covering various European coastal areas are considered for illustration purposes. These include different nearshore areas, such as the Portuguese coast, Sardinia Island or a coastal sector close to the Danube Delta in the Black Sea. For the case studies related to the Portuguese coast, it is noted that a marine energy farm may reduce the velocity of the longshore currents, with a complete attenuation of the current velocity for some case studies in the coastal area from Leixoes region being observed. For the area located close to the Danube Delta, it is estimated that in the proposed configuration, a marine energy farm would provide an efficient protection against the wave action, but it will have a relatively negligible impact on the longshore currents. Summarizing the results, we can conclude that a marine energy farm seems to be beneficial for coastal protection, even in the case of the enclosed areas, such as the Mediterranean or Black seas, where the erosion generated by the wave action represents a real problem.

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“…"Far field" effects are traditionally studied in a computationally cost-efficient way using wave propagation models. In [2][3][4]7,8,[27][28][29], phase-averaging spectral models are used to obtain the wave field in the lee of a WEC farm. The WEC farms in these studies are simplified as obstacles which have been assigned a fixed transmission (and thus wave power absorption) coefficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irregular Wave Validation of a Coupling Methodology for Numerical Modelling of Near and Far Field Effects of Wave Energy Converter Arrays

2019

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Between the Wave Energy Converters (WECs) of a farm, hydrodynamic interactions occur and have an impact on the surrounding wave field, both close to the WECs (“near field” effects) and at large distances from their location (“far field” effects). To simulate this “far field” impact in a fast and accurate way, a generic coupling methodology between hydrodynamic models has been developed by the Coastal Engineering Research Group of Ghent University in Belgium. This coupling methodology has been widely used for regular waves. However, it has not been developed yet for realistic irregular sea states. The objective of this paper is to present a validation of the novel coupling methodology for the test case of irregular waves, which is demonstrated here for coupling between the mild slope wave propagation model, MILDwave, and the ‘Boundary Element Method’-based wave–structure interaction solver, NEMOH. MILDwave is used to model WEC farm “far field” effects, while NEMOH is used to model “near field” effects. The results of the MILDwave-NEMOH coupled model are validated against numerical results from NEMOH, and against the WECwakes experimental data for a single WEC, and for WEC arrays of five and nine WECs. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between disturbance coefficient (Kd) values in the entire numerical domain ( R M S E K d , D ) are used for evaluating the performed validation. The R M S E K d , D between results from the MILDwave-NEMOH coupled model and NEMOH is lower than 2.0% for the performed test cases, and between the MILDwave-NEMOH coupled model and the WECwakes experimental data R M S E K d , D remains below 10%. Consequently, the efficiency is demonstrated of the coupling methodology validated here which is used to simulate WEC farm impact on the wave field under the action of irregular waves.

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Modelling Offshore Wave farms for Coastal Process Impact Assessment: Waves, Beach Morphology, and Water Users

Cited by 10 publications

References 61 publications

The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island

The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island

An Overview of the Expected Shoreline Impact of the Marine Energy Farms Operating in Different Coastal Environments

Irregular Wave Validation of a Coupling Methodology for Numerical Modelling of Near and Far Field Effects of Wave Energy Converter Arrays

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