Modelling of transport phenomena in laser surface alloying with distributed species mass source

Solidification Behaviour and the Evolution of Microstructure in the Laser Cladding of Aluminium on Magnesium Substrate

“…This is also in agreement with many previous studies that show strong convection currents in the laser-melt pool might not be sufficient for achieving a complete chemical and structural homogenised structure. [8][9][10] Figure 3 shows the microstructure of a transverse crosssection of a laser-clad track. Towards the surface, the microstructure consists mainly of fine equiaxed -Al dendrites ( Fig.…”

Thermal Transport Regimes and Generalized Regime Diagram for High Energy Surface Melting Processes

“…This indicates that the thermal transport in molten metal pools is likely to be predominantly diffusion driven. However, contrary to this conjecture, a number of research investigations [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] have demonstrated that the surface tension driven convection process plays a key role in determining the molten pool morphology. In this context, it is important to mention that most of the earlier numerical studies had presumed a laminar fluid flow in the molten pool.…”

Microstructural evolution during remelting of laser surface alloyed hyper-monotectic Al–Bi alloy

“…A three dimensional transient model developed by the authors for laser processing [7,8] has been used for modelling laser remelting. The Al-Bi alloy exists as a dilute solution and is assumed to be well mixed at the macro level.…”

“…The Marangoni forces are incorporated as boundary conditions for the velocities on the free surface. The formulation uses the well-established enthalpy-porosity model, the details of which are given elsewhere [7,8]. The governing equations are discretized and solved using a control volume method according to the SIMPLER algorithm [9].…”