Modelling of the Human Knee Joint Supported by Active Orthosis

Abstract

The article discusses motion of a healthy knee joint in the sagittal plane and motion of an injured knee joint supported by an active orthosis. A kinematic scheme of a mechanism for the simulation of a knee joint motion is developed and motion of healthy and injured knee joints are modelled in Matlab. Angles between links, which simulate the femur and tibia are controlled by Simulink block of Model predictive control (MPC). The results of simulation have been compared with several samples of real motion of the human knee joint obtained from motion capture systems. On the basis of these analyses and also of the analysis of the forces in human lower limbs created at motion, an active smart orthosis is developed. The orthosis design was optimized to achieve an energy saving system with sufficient anatomy, necessary reliability, easy exploitation and low cost. With the orthosis it is possible to unload the knee joint, and also partially or fully compensate muscle forces required for the bending of the lower limb.

Numerical analysis of stress distribution generated in spherical polyethylene inserts by knee joint endoprotheses’ sleds

“…That gives general shape of endoprostheses and allows to image stress distribution on the insert surface. Figure 3 presents simplifi ed numerical model of sled and insert 19,20 .…”

Printed Multi-EMG Electrodes on the 3D Surface of an Orthosis for Rehabilitation: A Feasibility Study

“…Considering this request, one of the most pressing requirements is to develop embedded customized electrodes directly on the surfaces of wearable devices, providing a ready-touse personalized sensing device. Currently, most of the examples of electrodes integration with wearable devices show the usage of commercial EMG surface electrodes combined with an orthosis to model knee joints [16], to design a smart mechatronic orthosis [17], [18], to enable automatic recognition of terrain characteristics through an instrumented leg orthosis [19], to assess the effect of an exoskeleton [20].…”