Modelling of microstructure formation in solidification processes

Rappaz, M.

doi:10.1179/imr.1989.34.1.93

Cited by 482 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Slight variations in such values have been found to influence (often significantly) model results, 81,92,105,115,116) and although there are software packages which are able to deliver some of these parameters in steels, 141) outputs from them can be limited in their current form (for instance, only values for equilibrium solidification are calculated) and certain parameters, such as those relating to equiaxed grain nucleation, can only be determined experimentally. 142) Clearly this is not an ideal situation for those wishing to compare alloys quickly. Similar uncertainty surrounds the auxillary models of microsegregation and permeability which must be supplied to macrosegregation simulations.…”

Section: Input Parameters and Auxillary Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrosegregation in Steel Ingots: The Applicability of Modelling and Characterisation Techniques

Pickering

2013

ISIJ Int.

142

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The macro-scale segregation of alloying elements during the casting continues to afflict the manufacturers of steel ingots, despite many decades of research into its prediction and elimination. Defects such as A-segregates are still commonplace, and components are regularly scrapped due to their presence, leading to increased economic and environmental costs. With the growth of the nuclear power industry, and the increased demands placed on new pressure vessels, it is now more important than ever that today's steel ingots are as chemically homogeneous as possible.This article briefly reviews the development of our current understanding of macrosegregation phenomena during the 20 th century, before going on to assess the latest developments in the field of macrosegregation modelling. The aim of the text is to highlight the shortcomings of applying contemporary macromodels to steel-ingot casting, and to suggest practical alternatives. In addition, the experimental characterisation of macrosegregation is explored, and a review of the various techniques currently available is presented.

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Section: Input Parameters and Auxillary Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrosegregation in Steel Ingots: The Applicability of Modelling and Characterisation Techniques

Pickering

2013

ISIJ Int.

142

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“…O'Connor et al 2) analyzed heat transfer and mold stress for the funnel type mold of the CSP (Compact Strip Production)-process and another study was carried by Nam et al 3) on this type of thin slab caster focusing on fluid flow and heat transfer. In this study, a 3-dimensional numerical model for fluid flow and heat transfer analysis [3][4][5] was employed with the aid of an effective heat capacity algorithm for the solidification 6) and flow pattern and related phenomena in the parallel type thin slab mold were investigated. The design of the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) with the electromagnetic brakes is considered to be the most effective controlling factor in the thin slab casting process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in the Parallel Type Mold of a Thin Slab Caster.

2001

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The surface and internal defects in the continuously cast slab are closely related to the fluid flow conditions of the liquid steel in the continuous casting mold. Therefore, the control of the steel flow for example, by proper design of submerged entry nozzle and by optimum operating conditions, has become an important area for quality and productivity improvement. In this study, a three-dimensional numerical model for fluid flow and heat transfer analysis was employed and flow pattern and related phenomena in the parallel type thin slab mold were simulated together with a comparison with our previous study on the funnel type mold. The dependence of the flow on the shape of the SEN was illustrated for both straight and bifurcated nozzles. The bifurcated nozzle creates streamlines of two counter-rotating loops at each half of the mold similar to that of the funnel type mold with a bifurcated nozzle and produces a stabilized meniscus with a low surface velocity. The design of the nozzle port affects the velocity profile at the meniscus, heat transfer and accordingly the solidification process. An inclined bifurcated nozzle with a jet angle of 60°shows more stable velocity profile in the meniscus and more uniform distribution of solidified shell than the other port.

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“…k 1 and k 2 are the functions of the initial concentration. The total undercooling at the dendrite tip is given by the sum of the various contributions to undercooling (Rappaz & Gandin, 1993):…”

Section: Mathematical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The continuous nucleation condition is considered in the present work where different Gaussian distributions account for the nucleation both on the mold wall and in the bulk liquid. The increase of grain density d n is induced by an increase in the undercooling d(ΔT) according to the following Gaussian distribution (Rappaz & Gandin, 1993 …”

Section: Mathematical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Dendritic Growth in Solidification of Al-Cu alloy by Applying the Modified Cellular Automaton Model with the Growth Calculation of Nucleus within a Cell

Peng¹,

Chao²

2011

Cellular Automata - Innovative Modelling for Science and Engineering

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Modelling of microstructure formation in solidification processes

Cited by 482 publications

References 49 publications

Macrosegregation in Steel Ingots: The Applicability of Modelling and Characterisation Techniques

Macrosegregation in Steel Ingots: The Applicability of Modelling and Characterisation Techniques

Numerical Analysis of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in the Parallel Type Mold of a Thin Slab Caster.

Simulation of Dendritic Growth in Solidification of Al-Cu alloy by Applying the Modified Cellular Automaton Model with the Growth Calculation of Nucleus within a Cell

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