Modelling of Consumption Shares for Small Wind Energy Prosumers

Abstract

This article describes a simulation of energy distribution in an average household where electricity is produced with a small wind generator or purchased from the public electricity grid. Numerical experiments conducted within an average of five minutes were performed using annual production and consumption graphs. Virtual storage devices, a water tank and a battery were used to buffer energy inside the household. The energy required for non-shiftable consumption and hot water consumption were taken directly from the utility grid. Surplus energy remaining from wind generator production after providing for consumption and storage needs were redirected there. A cover factor was used as a measure of the efficiency of energy distribution. One of the aims of the article was to determine by simulations the change of the cover factor in a virtually designed situation where the expected energy output of the wind generator was known in advance over one to three hours. The results found that for the configuration of the proposed nanogrid option, the positive results were readily achieved when the expected wind generator production was known an hour ahead. Then, the cover factor increased from 0.593 to 0.645. The side result of using projected/expected production is an increase in asymmetrical energy exchanges bilaterally between nanogrid and utility grid in favour of grid sales. Another finding was that the cover factor depended on the wind generator’s production intensity but less on the intensity of consumption within the household.It is hoped/expected that future research will address the prediction of output using mathematical methods.

Flexible Energy Storage for Sustainable Load Leveling in Low-Voltage Electricity Distribution Grids with Prosumers

“…The complexity of the systems under scrutiny begins from single households, where the local generation and use of storage is managed using Home Energy Management Systems (HEMSs). Paper [8] presents the case of a PV prosumer, while in [9], wind generation is analyzed, showing quantifiable benefits in using local storage. Small microgrid configurations consisting of a limited number of buses and load or generation points are sometimes investigated, as in [10], but entire networks that supply communities are preferred in case studies.…”