Modelling of concrete carbonation; is it a process unlimited in time and restricted in space?

Abstract. Mineral fines are a waste product of aggregate production in quarries and asphalt mixing plants. The incorporation of mineral gabbro dust into foam bitumen causes developing of a mesh reinforcement in the recycled base mixture. This mesh reinforcement, observed in a recycled base structure, induces an increase in stiffness modulus, where its elastic part of complex modulus dominates over the imaginary part. Therefore, it is possible to create a recycled mixture with a lower susceptibility to loading time/temperature. In result, the presence of gabbro dust in recycled mixture limits the magnitude of strains induced by the traffic load. This paper presents the results of the tests carried out on the mineral dusts derived from gabbro rock. Structural and functional properties of the fines were determined to prepare their characteristics. Then, the cold recycled mixtures for the road base were designed with the 5-20% mineral fines content. The mixtures were prepared in cold recycling technology with foamed bitumen. Further tests involved determining mechanical and physical properties of the recycled mixes, including air voids content, Marshall stability, Marshall quotient (stiffness), indirect tensile strength and stiffness modulus at 20°C). The results indicated a positive influence of the gabbro dusts on the investigated parameters. With the use of ANOVA tests, the significance of the influence of the gabbro dust and foamed bitumen on these properties was evaluated. Harrington's multicriteria method was employed to establish gabbro dust and foamed bitumen amounts, the addition of which would guarantee optimal properties of the recycled base mixture.

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“…The response surface of this model is a second-degree polynomial (2), which can be expressed as the following equation [32,33]:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of gabbro dust in the cold recycling of asphalt paving mixes with foamed bitumen

Iwański

Buczyński

Mazurek

2016

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences

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“…In 2015, a special issue of the Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences dedicated to diagnosis and durability of buildings was published [13]. Studies published in that issue: K. Flaga [14]; Z. Owsiak et al [15,16]; Z. Rusin et al [17]; L. Czarnecki, P. Woyciechowski [18]; B. Goszczyńska et al [19]; K. Wilde et al [20]; A. Garbacz [21]; Z. Hoła [22]; M. Iwański [23]; A. Szydło [24]; A. Piekarczuk et al [25]; M. Kolbrecki [26]; D. Kowalski et al [27] are considerable evidence of achievements and research ambitions in this area.…”

Section: Czarnecki and D Van Gemert Scientific Basis And Rules Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific basis and rules of thumb in civil engineering: conflict or harmony?

Czarnecki

Gemert

2016

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences

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Abstract. Science and engineering intermingle in the area of construction. Engineering works, often of great dimensions and design life cycle of many decades, have to be designed on a scientific basis since the safety of hundreds of users depends on their design. The task of scientific institutions is to define the construction performance within categories that correspond to the contemporary level of knowledge and technology. A construction appraiser who speaks out in a way that ensures unquestionable competence about the performance of elements and buildings (existing and under construction), should be convinced of the scientific basis of his opinions. A comparison of construction sections vs. basic requirements presents an archetype of the science of construction. A matrix of the science of construction reveals its multi-faceted nature; if related to time -the issue of durability has to be considered, and if related to the scale -the complexity. Defining the construction performance in terms of technical features is a constant search for a relationship between the material model and the usability model of a building. The construction industry uses a lot of "rules of thumb", more than any other sector of technology. In the era of computer-aided design, CAD, and building information modelling (BIM), those rules of thumb remain invaluable verification tools.Key words: building performance, appraiser, matrix of the science of construction, rules of thumb, durability, complexity, diversified development. Scientific basis and rules of thumb in civil engineering Defining building performanceThe primary task of universities and research institutes in the scientific discipline of construction is to continuously define building performance in a manner consistent with the current level of knowledge and technology. This means permanently seeking true solutions [2] -the relationship between the two corresponding models [3]: the material model (material model is used here to represent materials, analyses and geometries) and the usability model, which combines properties and requirements (Fig. 1).

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“…This paper contains authors own [1][2][3][4][5] mathematical model of carbonation. The model defines the carbonation as the process of limited possible range into the concrete and is described by hyperbolic function of time.…”

Section: Research Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such approach to the carbonation phenomenon was further developed in the DBME (WUT) under Czarnecki guidance -the obtained findings were widely published (e.g. [1], [2][3][4][5], [22][23][24]) concluding that concrete carbonation in urban-industrial conditions can be described with a hyperbolic function of carbonation depth in time (reciprocal square root of time) with an asymptote parallel to time axis. The asymptote value is considered as limit of carbonation depth.…”

Section: Ipicse-2016mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-effective design of reinforced concrete with use of self-terminated carbonation model

Woyciechowski

Sokołowska

2016

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. According to Eurocodes EC0 and EC2 designing of concrete structure durable in terms of carbonation is assured by selection of suitable thickness of reinforcement concrete cover. The selection is done on the basis of structure category and concrete strength class, regardless of the concrete material composition or technological type, thus selected value is an estimation, often exaggerated. The paper presents elaborated "selfterminated carbonation model" that includes abovementioned factors and enables to indicate the maximal possible depth of carbonation. The model, in contrast to parabolic models published in the literature, is a hyperbolic function of carbonation depth in time. The paper explains why such model describes the phenomenon of carbonation better than others. The paper contains an example of calculation of the cover thickness using that model.

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Modelling of concrete carbonation; is it a process unlimited in time and restricted in space?

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

The use of gabbro dust in the cold recycling of asphalt paving mixes with foamed bitumen

The use of gabbro dust in the cold recycling of asphalt paving mixes with foamed bitumen

Scientific basis and rules of thumb in civil engineering: conflict or harmony?

Cost-effective design of reinforced concrete with use of self-terminated carbonation model

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