Modelling of a wave-to-wire system for a wave farm and its response analysis against power quality and grid codes

Rasool, Safdar; Muttaqi, Kashem M.; Sutanto, Danny

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2020.10.035

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Overview of research results on control and optimization of WECS. [1][2][3][4] WECS consists of multi-phase AC generators and voltage source converters [5][6][7][8] Use of AC generators in connection to VSCs for wave energy conversion [9][10][11][12] Models and operation principles of generators and converters in WECS [13][14][15][16] Performance of wave-to-grid configurations of wave energy conversion units [17][18][19][20] Approaches to optimal control and optimized configuration of WECS [21][22][23] Control of converters for synchronizing WECS with the electricity grid [24][25][26][27] Control of power generation and power storage in wave energy conversion [28][29][30][31][32] Control for ensuring uninterrupted and maximized power supply from WECS [33][34][35][36][37] Modeling and control for optimizing power generation from WECS [38][39][40] New methods for nonlinear control of renewable energy systems and WECS The motion of the moving part (mover) of the PMSLG is given by: 𝑀𝑧̈= −𝑏 𝑔 𝑧̇− 𝑏 𝜔 𝑧̇− 𝑘 𝑠 𝑧 + 𝐹 𝑒 + 𝐹 𝑏𝑟 (1) where 𝑏 𝑔 𝑧̇ is the friction force that resists the motion of the moving part of the tubular PMLSG, 𝑏 𝑤...…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, control of the integrated wave power generation systems, which comprise PMLSGs serially connected to VSCs, is a subtle task that should compensate for the complicated nonlinear dynamics and multivariable structure of these energy conversion units [24][25][26][27]. Among recent results in PMLSG and VSC-based wave power conversion systems, one can distinguish methods for maximizing the amount of wave power finally converted to exploitable electric power [28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear Optimal Control for a PMLSG-VSC Wave Energy Conversion Unit

Rigatos,

Siano,

Numay

et al. 2024

J Energ Power Technol

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This article aims to treat the nonlinear control problem for the complex dynamics of a wave energy unit (WEC) that consists of a Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Generator (PMLSG) and a Voltage Source Converter (VSC). The article has developed a globally stable nonlinear optimal control method for this wave power generation unit. The new method avoids complicated state-space model transformations and minimizes the energy dispersion by the control loop. A novel nonlinear optimal control method is proposed for the dynamic model of a wave energy conversion system, which includes a Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Generator (PMLSG) serially connected with an AC/DC three-phase voltage source converter (VSC). The dynamic model of this renewable energy system is formulated and differential flatness properties are proven about it. To apply the proposed nonlinear optimal control, the state-space model of the PMLSG-VSC wave energy conversion unit undergoes an approximate linearization process at each sampling instance. The linearization procedure relies on a first-order Taylor-series expansion and involves the computation of the system’s Jacobian matrices. It takes place at each sampling interval around a temporary operating point, which is defined by the present value of the wave energy conversion unit’s state vector and by the last sampled value of the control inputs vector. An H-infinity feedback controller is designed for the linearized model of the wave energy conversion unit. To compute the feedback gains of this controller, an algebraic Riccati equation is repetitively solved at each time step of the control algorithm. The global stability properties of the control scheme are proven through Lyapunov analysis.

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Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Optimal Control for a PMLSG-VSC Wave Energy Conversion Unit

Rigatos,

Siano,

Numay

et al. 2024

J Energ Power Technol

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“…Wave energy’s changing nature causes substantial changes in output power and intermittent generation [ 12 , 13 ]. There are a number of different technologies and devices included in a wave energy generation system, each with its own specific parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation and optimization of hydraulic wave energy generation system

Liu,

Chen

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Wave energy is one of the primary sources of marine energy, representing a readily available and inexhaustible form of renewable clean energy. In recent years, wave energy generation has garnered increasing attention from researchers. To study wave energy generation technology, we have constructed a real wave energy generation system and designed wave simulation and hydraulic energy storage systems. The wave simulation system is mainly composed of a frequency converter and an electric boost pump, while the hydraulic energy storage system consists of a hydraulic control unit and hydraulic motors. Corresponding mathematical models have been established to investigate the characteristics of wave energy generation. Specifically, a mathematical model for wave input using the double-parameter JONSWAP wave spectrum has been created for wave simulation in the wave simulation system. For the hydraulic energy storage system, known as the Power Take Off (PTO) system, mathematical models have been developed for double-acting hydraulic cylinders, energy storage devices, and precise displacement hydraulic motors, taking into consideration fluid Reynolds numbers and leakage. During the generation of wave energy, there is a problem of prolonged power interruption when wave conditions are unfavorable, which hinders continuous power generation. To address this issue, a system structure with an energy storage unit and two parallel generator sets, as well as a power operation optimization scheme, have been proposed. This system structure and optimization approach efficiently and reasonably utilize wave energy, achieving the goal of uninterrupted power supply in the hydraulic wave energy generation system.

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“…Overusing fossil energy for industrial development has led to the deterioration of the human living environment. At the same time, the continuous consumption of fossil energy has become a vital issue restricting the growth of the global economy and society [1][2][3]. To solve the problems above, the effective action and utilization of renewable energy have become an essential issue of energy development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct‐Drive wave energy conversion with linear generator: A review of research status and challenges

Zhang

Chen

2022

IET Renewable Power Gen

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Ocean wave energy is sustainable and renewable energy, wave energy conversion (WEC) effectively solves the disadvantage of traditional power system with fossil energy. WEC system is the power generation process that converts wave kinetic energy of undulation and swing into electric energy, and direct-drive WEC system (D-DWEC) converts wave energy into electric power directly by linear generator to improve the efficiency. At present, the research of WEC system has the characteristic of interdisciplinary, multi-system integration, engineering application, and commercial operation. This paper summarizes the types, principle, and classification of WEC system, mainly focusing on the aspects of the kinds and characteristics of linear generators used in D-DWEC system, power post-processing, and power control methods. At the end of the paper, giving the development trend and challenges of D-DWEC technology, the research of ocean complementary energy generation platform with offshore wind, solar and ocean wave energy is analysed. It shows that the platform has advantages owing to stable power output, efficient utilization, ocean saving-space, and power generation cost reduction.

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Modelling of a wave-to-wire system for a wave farm and its response analysis against power quality and grid codes

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Nonlinear Optimal Control for a PMLSG-VSC Wave Energy Conversion Unit

Nonlinear Optimal Control for a PMLSG-VSC Wave Energy Conversion Unit

Implementation and optimization of hydraulic wave energy generation system

Direct‐Drive wave energy conversion with linear generator: A review of research status and challenges

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