Modelling materials for engineering rock mechanics

Stimpson, Brian

doi:10.1016/0148-9062(70)90029-x

Cited by 87 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…As a result, several studies have been conducted to determine the best mixture of constituents that would produce a material with engineering properties similar to natural rock [3,16,41]. The rock in the tests we report here was prepared using mixtures of sand, cement, gypsum powder and water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effect of sidewall roughness on the shaft resistance of rock-socketed piles

et al. 2016

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Piles socketed into rock are increasingly used to support loads from large-span bridges and heavy buildings. Peak side resistance is typically related to unconfined compressive strength, sidewall roughness and rock mass quality. This paper presents the results of tests on piles socketed in a weak, artificial rock made of sand, cement, gypsum powder and water. The test results are compared with methods of estimation in which the roughness of the pile-rock interface is modeled explicitly by assuming sinusoidal undulations along the interface. The testing program includes 10 model piles. Some of these piles have nonzero base resistance; others are unsupported at the base. The results indicate that both the degree of roughness of the socket sidewall and the base stiffness are of major importance to the load response of rock-socketed piles. The ultimate unit side resistance was observed to increase substantially with both increasing sidewall roughness and increasing base stiffness, but there is an upper limit to socket roughness beyond which very little increase in side resistance can be obtained. Most of the available correlations used to predict the ultimate side resistance of rocksocketed piles produced conservative estimates for the test piles in this study.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effect of sidewall roughness on the shaft resistance of rock-socketed piles

et al. 2016

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“…In the past, materials such as concrete, plaster of Paris, cork, rubber, plastics and gelatins have been used for physical modelling (Stimpson, 1970). In recent times, a natural material such as coal has been used to simulate jointed rock (Kaiser & Morgenstern, 1982;Kaiser, Guenat & Morgenstern, 1985).…”

Section: Selection Of Model Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and applications of a synthetic material to simulate soft sedimentary rocks

Indraratna

1990

Géotechnique

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Due to the fact that a model material can be made homogeneous, the influence of different variables on behavioural mechanisms can be investigated independently. Consequently, large experimental scatter attributed to inherent variables (generally unknown) of a natural material can be avoided. This Paper presents the development of an artificial material which can effectively simulate the behaviour of an array of weak, sedimentary rocks. This synthetic soft rock was constituted with gypsum cement, fine sand and water, and characterized with homogeneous and isotropic properties with insignificant variability from one batch to another. It can be easily manufactured in the laboratory and can be cast either in large or small volumes to occupy any predetermined shape of given physical dimensions. An experimental application to study the behaviour of reinforced composites (simulated bolted rock) is also described in this Paper.

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“…The first involves inserting a medium between the two opposing surfaces that provides a lower friction angle in relation to the friction angle of the solid rock (Stimpson, 1970). The second method entails assembling individual small blocks in a specific shape to form a large mass containing persistent or nonpersistent joints (Brown and Trollop, 1970;Rosenblade, 1971;Ladanyi and Archambault, 1980).…”

Section: Specimen Preparationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Coalescence of offset rock joints under biaxial loading

Mughieda

Karasneh

2006

Geotech Geol Eng

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Crack coalescence in rock masses was studied by performing a series of biaxial compresion tests on specimens made of rock-like material. Specimens of size 63.5 · 27.9 · 20.3 cm, made of 72% silica sand, 16% cement (Type I) and 12% water by weight were tested. The joint inclination angle was maintained at 45°, while the offset angle i.e. angle between the plane of the joint and the line that connects the two inner tips of the joints, was changed from 0°to 90°with an increment of 15°. Three levels of lateral stress were used; 0.35 MPa, 0.7 MPa and 1.5 MPa on each sample. HP data acquisition system was used to record the data for each sample. In each sample, four LVDTs were fixed to measure the axial and lateral displacement along the sample. The failure mechanisms were monitored by eye inspection and a magnifier to detect crack initiation and propagation. For each test, the failure surfaces were investigated to determine the characteristics of each surface. Wing cracks initiated at the tip of the joint for the low confining stress applied, while at higher confining stresses wing cracks also initiated at the middle of the joint. Secondary cracks initiated at the tip of the joint due to shear stress. Three modes of failure took place due to coalescence of the secondary and wing cracks. The bridge inclination was the main variable that controlled the mode of failure. For bridge inclination of 0°, the coalescence occured due to shear failure and for bridge inclination of 90°the coalescence occurred due to tensile failure while for the other bridge inclinations coalescence occured due to mixed tensile and shear failure.

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Modelling materials for engineering rock mechanics

Cited by 87 publications

References 38 publications

The effect of sidewall roughness on the shaft resistance of rock-socketed piles

The effect of sidewall roughness on the shaft resistance of rock-socketed piles

Development and applications of a synthetic material to simulate soft sedimentary rocks

Coalescence of offset rock joints under biaxial loading

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