Modelling growth of larval anchovies including diel feeding patterns, temperature and body size

Urtizberea, Agurtzane; Fiksen, Øyvind; Folkvord, Arild; Irigoien, Xabier

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbn090

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The information obtained from a complete analysis of the daily ration can also be useful to validate the ongoing development of bioenergetic models for small pelagic fish species (Urtizberea et al 2008). Because at least two full 24-h cycles with sampling every 3 h or less are needed for a confident assessment of the diel variation in feeding intensities (Tudela and Palomera 1995), we cannot guarantee that the pattern described here represents the normal behaviour of sardines in the northwestern Mediterranean.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding of European pilchard (<em>Sardina pilchardus</em>) in the northwestern Mediterranean: from late larvae to adults

Costalago¹,

Palomera²

2014

Sci. Mar.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary:We assessed the relative importance of different prey types of the European pilchard (European sardine) from the late larval to the adult stage. Two different methodologies for analysing stomach contents were used to describe the trophic dynamics of sardine and the relationship of sardine feeding behaviour with the ontogenetic development of body structures used for feeding, such as gill rakers and pyloric caeca. This information is essential to accurately depict the use of the planktonic resources in the area by sardine and to discuss the extent to which the sardine population could be affected by environmental changes in the Mediterranean Sea. We showed that cladocerans in summer and diatoms in winter were numerically the most important prey types for both juveniles and adults. However, decapod larvae were the most important prey during all seasons in terms of carbon content. Accordingly, differences in methodology should be considered in the analysis of sardine diets. An analysis of the composition of the plankton showed that small copepods were strongly selected by sardines at all ages and in both seasons. We also observed that the pyloric caeca began to grow when the sardines were approximately 4-5 cm standard length (SL) and ended their development when the sardines reached approximately 8 cm SL, whereas the gill rakers appeared to be completely functional when the sardines reached 7 cm SL. Therefore, filter feeding of small particles could be performed with total efficacy beginning at 7-8 cm SL. In view of the energetic advantage of filter feeding in a well-adapted filter-feeding species such as sardine, the prospective limited availability of small particles hypothesized by certain authors for the Mediterranean could have negative consequences for sardine. This study demonstrates that sardine populations, given their extremely high dependence on the lower marine trophic levels, could be strongly affected by alterations in the environment and in the planktonic community.Keywords: Sardina pilchardus; northwestern Mediterranean; ontogeny; trophic ecology; small pelagic fish. Alimentación de la sardina europea (Sardina pilchardus) en el Mediterráneo noroccidental: de post-larva a adultoResumen: Analizamos la importancia relativa de los diferentes tipos de presas de la sardina europea, desde post-larvas hasta adultos. Se usaron dos métodos diferentes de análisis de los contenidos estomacales para describir la dinámica trófica de la sardina y la relación de su comportamiento alimenticio con el desarrollo ontogénico de las estructuras corporales que usa en el proceso alimenticio, como las brianquispinas y los ciegos pilóricos. Esta información es esencial para obtener una imagen precisa de los recursos planctónicos de los que dispone la sardina en el área y para discutir de qué forma la población de sardina podría verse afectada por cambios medioambientales en el mar Mediterráneo. Mostramos que los cladóceros, en verano, y las diatomeas, en invierno, fueron los tipos de presas más importantes tanto para...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding of European pilchard (<em>Sardina pilchardus</em>) in the northwestern Mediterranean: from late larvae to adults

Costalago¹,

Palomera²

2014

Sci. Mar.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We developed a simple bioenergetic model (Table 3) to calculate the diel ingestion required to sustain maximum potential growth rates of tuna larvae at different body sizes and temperatures (δ in the planktivorous model). The bioenergetic model resembles those developed by Kristiansen et al (2007) and Urtizberea et al (2008) for cod and anchovy larvae respectively. The ingested food passes to the gut where it is digested and made available for metabolic and growth processes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannibalism among size classes of larvae may be a substantial mortality component in tuna

Reglero¹,

Urtizberea²,

Torres³

et al. 2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cannibalism among size classes may reduce starvation and improve survival of larval tuna in oligotrophic ocean areas, but it may also be a substantial mortality component depending on the availability of alternative prey. Here, we combine laboratory and field data on tuna larvae with a model of larval foraging and bioenergetics to explore the role of cannibalism in cohort development at different temperatures, durations of hatching period, hatching larval densities and natural mortality rates. Prey fields (zooplankton densities and co-occurrence of different larval stages of 3 species of tuna) were established from cruises in a main tuna spawning area around the Balearic Islands (Mediterranean Sea). Results suggest that a pure zooplankton diet is frequently insufficient to sustain larval growth. Piscivory can be a major source of larval mortality among tuna species and larvae hatched early can feed on abundant larvae of smaller size and have fewer predators themselves. We show how the intensity of cannibalism depends on the temperature dependent growth rate and the resulting relative size distribution when eggs are released continuously over a period of a few weeks. The predator-prey size distribution and the relative densities of these voracious larvae may produce overcompensation in recruitment under some environmental conditions.

show abstract

“…Due to this lack of knowledge, up to date models developed to study this species have either described the larvae as inert particles (e.g. Allain et al, 2007) or used the data available for related species (Urtizberea et al, 2008;Politikos et al, 2011). These alternatives may introduce strong biases that can only be solved by using species-specific bioenergetic parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of food type and concentration on growth and fatty acid composition of early larvae of the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) reared under laboratory conditions

Garrido

Saiz

Peters

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Experiments were conducted during the summer of 2008 and 2009 to study the growth of early post yolk-sac European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus, Linnaeus, 1758) larvae reared under different food regimes. The fatty acid composition was used to assess nutritional condition of the larvae. Prey items used in the experiments were Gymnodinium sanguineum, Brachionus plicatilis and nauplii of the copepods Acartia grani and Euterpina acutifrons. Food type and concentration affected the growth of the larvae. Mixed diets composed of rotifers and copepod nauplii at high concentration resulted in higher anchovy larvae growth rates in comparison with single-prey diets using either rotifers or copepod nauplii. The addition of the dinoflagellate G. sanguineum (25-50 cells ml −1 ) to the prey offered did not enhance significantly larval growth. Highest growth rates of anchovy larvae (0.28 mm d −1 ) were obtained using high concentrations of a mixed diet, particularly the combination of rotifers and A. grani nauplii. Fatty acid composition at hatch was similar to the composition observed in the field, but during larvae ontogeny there was a marked decrease in the contribution of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). Such difference reflects the high requirements of these PUFA for larvae development, and suggests that the food offered failed to fulfill the larvae nutritional requirements. The growth rates obtained in our experiments were, overall, in the lower range of those observed in natural conditions. Taking into considerations the fact that larvae in the field are expected to encounter lower prey concentrations, we discuss the reasons for such disagreement.

show abstract

Modelling growth of larval anchovies including diel feeding patterns, temperature and body size

Cited by 26 publications

References 52 publications

Feeding of European pilchard (<em>Sardina pilchardus</em>) in the northwestern Mediterranean: from late larvae to adults

Feeding of European pilchard (<em>Sardina pilchardus</em>) in the northwestern Mediterranean: from late larvae to adults

Cannibalism among size classes of larvae may be a substantial mortality component in tuna

Effect of food type and concentration on growth and fatty acid composition of early larvae of the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) reared under laboratory conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About