Modelling drivers and distribution of lead and zinc concentrations in soils of an urban catchment (Sydney estuary, Australia)

Johnson, L.; Bishop, Thomas; Birch, G.F.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.033

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…There were much larger amounts of this component measured in the soils in Sydney (Australia), i.e. 207.39–10,253.99 mg kg -1 [67], and in Paris (France), i.e. 106.95–174.84 mg kg -1 [68].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

How does the content of nutrients in soil affect the health status of trees in city parks?

Kleiber¹,

Krzyżaniak²,

Świerk³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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Trees have multi-aspect influence on the microclimate in urbanised areas. Therefore, it is important to investigate the biotic and abiotic factors affecting their health. The aim of the conducted study was to assess the chemical composition of soils and the nutritional status of lime and horse chestnut trees in selected sites and the influence of these factors on the condition and health of these tree species in urbanised areas. The research was conducted on selected trees (n = 643) growing in different parts of the city. The soils and plants were analysed for the content of macro- and microelements, sodium and heavy metals. A canonical variation analysis (CVA)–the canonical variant of Fisher's linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to construct the model. The CVA enabled the creation of 4 CCA models. The research showed that in general, the soil in all the sites of lime and horse chestnut trees was alkalised–at the same time it was characterised by low salinity. Despite the alkaline soil the statistical analysis showed a positive correlation between the content of manganese in the lime leaves and the deterioration of their health. In spite of that due to the satisfactory health status and condition of trees in most locations temporary guide values of nutrients were proposed for trees growing in urbanised areas. The following temporary guide values of nutrients were proposed for the horse chestnut trees (% d. m.): N 2.38%-4.71%, P 0.24%-0.46%, K 1.13%-2.31%, Ca 1.05%-2.12%, Mg 0.16%-0.42%, S 0.12%-0.23%; Fe 89.8–198.8, Zn 17.6–33.1, Cu 7.36–19.61 (mg kg-1 d. m.). The following temporary guide values were proposed for the small-leaved lime-trees (% d. m.): N 2.45%-3.22%, P 0.27%-0.42%, K 1.52%-2.86%, Ca 1.43%-2.02%, Mg 0.19%-0.35%, S 0.19%-0.25%; Fe 137.6–174.3, Zn 20.2–23.8, Cu 8.36–9.79 (mg kg-1 d. m.).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum permissible limit is 200 mg kg -1 [71]. The probable causes of such high soil contamination are oil spills and the wear of car tyres [67,70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does the content of nutrients in soil affect the health status of trees in city parks?

Kleiber¹,

Krzyżaniak²,

Świerk³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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“…Although a relationship between Sydney metropolitan Pb concentrations in dust and soil was evident, it was marginally statistical insignificant (r = 0.650, p = 0.058). Previous studies of environmental contaminants within the Sydney metropolitan region reveals that multielemental concentrations in soil and dust across Sydney metropolitan suburbs are heterogeneous. ,− Given that honey bees forage an area over 7 km 2 , ,, it likely that concentrations of trace elements found in honey bees and their products reflect a more generalized proxy of contamination at a suburb level. This would have the effect of smoothing variations in anthropogenically sourced contaminants measured at the different Sydney metropolitan suburb sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Sources of Environmental Contamination in European Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) Using Trace Elements and Lead Isotopic Compositions

Zhou¹,

Taylor²,

Davies³

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Trace element concentrations (As, Mn, Pb, and Zn) and Pb isotopic compositions were analyzed in honey bees, wax, and honey along with co-located soil and dust samples from Sydney metropolitan and Broken Hill, Australia. Compared with the other trace elements, Pearson correlations show that Pb concentrations in soil and dust had the strongest relationship to corresponding values in honey bees and their products. Dust Pb was not only highly correlated to corresponding soil values (r = 0.806, p = 0.005), it was the strongest predictor of Pb concentrations in honey bees, wax, and honey (p = 0.001, 0.007, 0.017, respectively). Lead isotopic compositions ( 206 Pb/ 207 Pb and 208 Pb/ 207 Pb) showed that honey bees and their products from Broken Hill were nearly identical (95−98%) to the composition of the local ore body. Samples of honey bees and their products collected from background sites adjacent to national parks in Sydney had Pb isotopic compositions ( 206 Pb/ 207 Pb = 1.138−1.159, 208 Pb/ 207 Pb = 2.417−2.435) corresponding to local geogenic values ( 206 Pb/ 207 Pb = 1.123−1.176, 208 Pb/ 207 Pb = 2.413−2.500). By contrast, honey bees and their products from Sydney metropolitan ( 206 Pb/ 207 Pb = 1.081−1.126, 208 Pb/ 207 Pb = 2.352−2.408) were similar to aerosols measured during the period of leaded petrol use ( 206 Pb/ 207 Pb = 1.067−1.148, 208 Pb/ 207 Pb = 2.341−2.410). These measurements show Pb concentrations and its isotopic compositions of honey bees, and their products can be used to trace both legacy and contemporary environmental contamination, particularly where sources are well documented. Moreover, this study demonstrates that legacy Pb emissions continue to be remobilized in dust, contaminating both food and ecological systems.

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“…Contaminated sites, especially following environmental catastrophes, require urgent and timely assessment and so unless the resources can be afforded, collection of so many samples would not be economically sound. Complementary methods in both physical assessment and mapping are worth exploring; for example, the use of proximal sensing would allow the collection of more samples (Horta et al 2015), and the use of covariates as supplementary data may provide a more accurate map of contaminant distribution (Johnson et al 2017).…”

Section: Mapping Contaminant Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meta-analysis of published semivariograms to determine sample size requirements for assessment of heavy metal concentrations at contaminated sites

Pozza

Bishop

2019

Soil Res.

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Soil contamination poses substantial risks to human and ecosystem health, justifying the need for accurate delineation and remediation of contaminated sites. The number of soil samples collected at a site during assessment is limited by cost and time available for assessment, increasing the potential for misclassification due to insufficient samples. Using distributions of heavy metals sourced from semivariograms provided in published studies, the first stage of this study sought to determine how many samples were required for the confidence interval around the mean to be above or below the Australian guideline value for each specific metal and study. Estimated sample size for assessing mean contamination across a site ranged from two to four samples; however, some distributions possessed a higher amount of variation and therefore required more samples. The second stage of the investigation explored sample size requirements for mapping contaminated sites. Unconditional Gaussian simulations created from published semivariograms were sampled using 15 different sample sizes, and the samples used to obtain predictions of the simulated distributions. For each sample, observed (simulated) and predicted (kriged) metal concentrations were classed as being below or exceeding the guideline values and compared through quantification of the number of misclassifications that occurred. When mapping a site of 5 km2 or less, uncertainty and misclassification decreased with increasing sample size, stabilising at around 200 samples; however, the lowest uncertainty occurred at around 500 samples. The study acknowledges this may be unrealistic and economically inefficient, so in addition to these findings it is worth exploring improvement in other areas of investigation, such as in the detection and mapping stages.

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Modelling drivers and distribution of lead and zinc concentrations in soils of an urban catchment (Sydney estuary, Australia)

Cited by 15 publications

References 63 publications

How does the content of nutrients in soil affect the health status of trees in city parks?

How does the content of nutrients in soil affect the health status of trees in city parks?

Identifying Sources of Environmental Contamination in European Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) Using Trace Elements and Lead Isotopic Compositions

A meta-analysis of published semivariograms to determine sample size requirements for assessment of heavy metal concentrations at contaminated sites

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