Modelling dike breaching due to overtopping

Schmocker, Lukas; Hager, Willi H.

doi:10.3826/jhr.2009.3586

Cited by 96 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These and other works [7][8][9] prove that a significant laboratory effort is required, and often, available experimental results may only be applied to specific scenarios. Scaling problems related to material type and breach formation have been discussed by Schmocker and Hager [10] in a systematic campaign of laboratory tests (see also [11]). Further experiments have been performed also by Cao et al [12], with different inflow discharges, dam compositions and geometry and initial breach dimensions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments and Numerical Simulations of Dike Erosion due to a Wave Impact

Evangelista

2015

Water

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Dike erosion is a crucial issue in coastal and fluvial flood risk management. These defense structures appear vulnerable to extreme hydrological events, whose potential occurrence risk seems to be recently increased due to climate change. Their design and reinforcement is, however, a complex task, and although numerical models are very powerful nowadays, real processes cannot be accurately predicted; therefore, physical models constitute a useful tool to investigate different features under controlled conditions. This paper presents some laboratory experimental results of erosion of a sand dike produced by the impact of a dam break wave. Experiments have been conducted in the Water Engineering Laboratory at the University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy, in a rectangular channel: here, the sudden opening of a gate forming the reservoir generates the wave impacting the dike, made in turn of two different, almost uniform sands. The physical evidence proves that the erosion process is strongly unsteady and significantly different from a gradual overtopping and highlights the importance of apparent cohesion for the fine sand dike. The experimental results have also been compared against the ones obtained through the numerical integration of a two-phase model, which shows the reasonable predictive capability of the temporal free surface and dike profile evolution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments and Numerical Simulations of Dike Erosion due to a Wave Impact

Evangelista

2015

Water

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“…In the initial condition, the water is not contained in the channel and the simulation of flow continues to be in steady state. cesses 1) . The computational flow domain is illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Verifications Of Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the experimental studies, bed deformations in both model and real scales were measured to understand the mechanism of dike erosion processes 1), 2) and levee breach widening 3), 4), 5), 6) . Schmocker and Hager 1) investigated the dike breaching processes for various types of model scale and discussed test repeatability, side wall effect, and scale effects. Shimada et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Dike Erosion Process Due to Overtopping Flow

et al. 2014

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Dike failures due to overtopping flows have recently occurred during floods. It is of great importance to understand the mechanism of dike failure processes and to predict dike erosion accurately for disaster mitigation. In this study, a numerical model to simulate dike breaching is developed based on a three-dimensional flow model in porous media and density function methods, and a non-equilibrium sediment transport model. Infiltration into a dike is also considered in the simulation. First, a numerical model is applied to flows over a solid embankment in order to validate the flow model. Then, dike erosion processes are simulated. Compared with the previous experimental results, it is shown that the numerical model can reproduce overflows and dike failure processes reasonably.

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“…For example, Coleman et al (2002) found that the breach channel of overtopped embankments under constant water level has a curved shape, and the breach development obeyed the minimum energy dissipation rate rule for streams. Schmocker and Hager (2009) studied the required minimum sediment size, dike width, dike height and unit discharge in their laboratory experiments of non-cohesive dike breach to avoid the side wall effect, scale effects and cohesion. Pontillo et al (2010) applied a 1-D two-phase model to simulate flow propagation and the breaching process of a trapezoidal-shaped sediment dike.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…River levees, as a kind of embankment structure, are constructed around rivers and parallel to the main flow to constrain flow and protect local residents from flooding disasters (Schmocker and Hager, 2009). Levees constructed with cohesive sediments are the most common type due to their low cost and the convenience with which construction materials can be acquired locally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overtopping breaching of river levees constructed with cohesive sediments

Wei

Wang

et al. 2016

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Experiments were conducted in a bend flume to study the overtopping breaching process and the corresponding overflow rates of river levees constructed with cohesive sediments. The river and land regions were separated by the constructed levee in the bend flume. Results showed that the levee breaching process can be subdivided into a slope erosion stage, a headcut retreat stage and a breach widening stage. Mechanisms such as flow shear erosion, impinging jet erosion, side slope erosion and cantilever collapse were discovered in the breaching process. The erosion characteristics were determined by both flow and soil properties. Finally, a depth-averaged 2-D flow model was used to simulate the levee breaching flow rates, which is well expressed by the broad-crested weir flow formula. The deduced discharge coefficient was smaller than that of common broad-crested rectangular weirs because of the shape and roughness of the breach.

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Modelling dike breaching due to overtopping

Cited by 96 publications

References 9 publications

Experiments and Numerical Simulations of Dike Erosion due to a Wave Impact

Experiments and Numerical Simulations of Dike Erosion due to a Wave Impact

Numerical Simulation of Dike Erosion Process Due to Overtopping Flow

Overtopping breaching of river levees constructed with cohesive sediments

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