Modelling crimp in woven fabrics subjected to ballistic impact

Tan, V.B.C.; Shim, V.P.W.; Zeng, Xuesen

doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2005.06.008

Cited by 88 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This type of modeling extends previous works on ballistic fabric shields, found in Zohdi [1] and Zohdi and Powell [2]. For a general introduction to fabric modeling, the reader is referred to Shim et al [3], Cheeseman and Bogetti [4], Duan et al [5,6,7], Tan et al [8] and a review article by Tabiei and Nilakantan [9].…”

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confidence: 75%

Micromechanical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Chain-Mail Armor

Mseis

Zohdi

2011

Int J Fract

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The microstructure of chain-mail (CM) armor consists of a network of small links that are connected together to form a sheet. A network-type model, amenable to straightforward numerical simulation, is formulated, where the links are modeled as supporting only axial (tensile) loading, and where the interconnections are idealized as threedimensional frictionless pin-joints. Because of its use as a ballistic shield, the strain-rate dependent thermo-mechanical (viscoplastic) response is important, due to thermal softening. The philosophy behind the proposed direct modeling approach is to harness the dramatic increases in readily available scientific computing to simulate realistic responses of structural CM, by starting directly at the microscale, where relatively simple description of the material is possible. By employing enough of these simple structural elements, one can build an entire macroscale sheet of CM. The deformation of the CM is dictated by solving a ("link-coupled") system of differential equations for the motion of the interconnected masses. Large-scale simulations, illustrating the thermomechanical response of chain-mail material armor, undergoing impact with a rigid indenter, are presented to illustrate the potential of the approach in delivering realistic responses, involving dynamic rupture and penetration of structural CM.1 Introduction. We consider materials with microstructures known as "chain-mail" (CM) armor that is made from chain or chain links, woven together to form a flexible "metal fabric". Since chain-mail is intended to protect against concentrated impact by redistributing the load in the contact zone, we concentrate on blunt impactors. There are many types of CM, all of which have a basic common underlying structure, namely, chain links that are connected together to form networks of chains and, ultimately, sheets. These patterns can be quite elaborate, however, in this paper we will concentrate on the most basic rectangular grid-like structure (Figure 1). The structure can be idealized as a network of small pinned-end links that take purely axial tensile loading, and nothing in compression (since the links slide relative to one another in compression). A key aspect of our approach is that if the properties of the links are known, the structural scale (sheet-level) properties can be constructed, without resorting to phenomenological parameters. For most types of structural CM, the overall rupture of a single link is gradual, as opposed to abrupt, due to plastification within the links. An important feature of the direct modeling approach is the ability to directly incorporate the plastification and rupture of each metallic link into the structural scale response of the CM.A reduced-order model is constructed by combining a link-network representation with dynamic discrete/lumped masses. The deformation of the CM is dictated by solving a coupled system of differential equations for the motion of the lumped masses, which are coupled through the links. Quantitative numerical simulations...

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confidence: 75%

Micromechanical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Chain-Mail Armor

Mseis

Zohdi

2011

Int J Fract

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“…The reader is referred to Godfrey and Rossettos [13], Rossettos and Godfrey [30], Roylance and Wang [31], Taylor and Vinson [39], Shim et al [33], Johnson et al [18], Tabiei and Jiang [36], Kollegal and Sridharan [19], Walker [42], Cheeseman and Bogetti [7], Duan et al [9][10][11] Kwong and Goldsmith [20], Lim et al [22,23], Shockey et al [34], Tan et al [38], Verzemnieks [41], Zohdi [44], Zohdi and Steigmann [45], Zohdi [51], Zohdi and Powell [49] and Powell and Zohdi [29] for a cross-sectional view of the field. For an exhaustive and comprehensive overview of all aspects of ballistic fabric, see Tabiei and Nilakantan [37].…”

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confidence: 99%

High-speed impact of electromagnetically sensitive fabric and induced projectile spin

Zohdi

2010

Comput Mech

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This work deals with the dynamic contact of a rigid body with a deformable electromagnetically sensitive fabric structure, represented by a network model. Of particular interest are the electromagnetically induced forces generated on the fabric, which are proportional to the external electric field (E E X T ) and the velocity crossed with the external magnetic field (v × B E X T ). These forces transmit reactions to the rigid contacting object, which can induce rotational motion. Modeling and simulation of this effect can be useful in ballistic shielding applications, because the rotation of an incoming, ogival, projectile allows it to be more easily impeded. A modular formulation for the deformation of impacted fabric structures, represented by a network model, is developed in this paper, characterized by (1) stretching of interconnected yarn networks, described by simple constitutive relations, including yarn damage, (2) interaction with impacting objects, incorporating contact with friction and (3) electromagnetic sensitivity and actuation, demonstrating how the Lorentz force can be harnessed to break symmetric deformation patterns in order to induce spin onto an incoming object, whether that object is electromagnetically sensitive or not.

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“…Likewise, fabric armor behavior against ballistic impacts has been modeled (Billon and Robinson 2001;Tan and Ching 2006). Regarding broad usage of woven fabrics in armor systems and also yarn arrangement in these fabrics, the crimp in woven fabrics against ballistic impacts has been also modeled (Tan et al 2005). Studies have been conducted on ballistic impact modeling on armor fabrics in which textile based composites play an important role (Novotny et al 2007;Mamivand and Liaghat 2010;Lim et al 2003;Barauskas and Abraitiene 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Optimizing the impact resistance of high tenacity Nylon 66 weft knitted fabrics via genetic algorithm

et al. 2016

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The aim of the present research is evaluating the impact resistance of weft knitted fabrics which are knitted in basic patterns from the high tenacity Nylon 66. The woven fabrics have been applied for manufacturing technical and ballistic textiles so far. Although woven fabrics have been demonstrated satisfactory tensile properties, but they have not been resisted against impact, because of their poor strain against tensile forces. This research is important because knitted fabrics are applied in wide range of applications including technical textiles such as, package belts, safety belts, ballistic belts, and can be used to remove ice from airplane wings. Various knitted fabrics with different knitting elements such as knit, tuck and miss loops were produced. Mechanical properties including strength, work of the rupture and impact resistance of knitted samples were tested. The artificial neural network was used to predict mechanical properties of fabrics produced from the knitted structure as fitness function in genetic algorithm. After that, genetic algorithm was applied to find the optimum structure of knitted fabric with maximum impact resistance. The results of the genetic algorithm show that optimum structure of the fabric is cross-miss and rib structure with high stitch density.

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Modelling crimp in woven fabrics subjected to ballistic impact

Cited by 88 publications

References 14 publications

Micromechanical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Chain-Mail Armor

Micromechanical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Chain-Mail Armor

High-speed impact of electromagnetically sensitive fabric and induced projectile spin

Optimizing the impact resistance of high tenacity Nylon 66 weft knitted fabrics via genetic algorithm

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