Modelling calcium looping at industrial scale for energy storage in concentrating solar power plants

Abstract

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Calcium Looping for Thermochemical Storage: Assessment of Intrinsic Reaction Rate and Estimate of Kinetic/Transport Parameters for Synthetic CaO/Mayenite Particles from TGA Data

“…Melting/solidification latent heat TES systems have the potential to reach higher efficiencies than sensible TES systems due to their nearly isothermal process conditions and promise higher energy densities , (∼100 kWh/m 3 ). However, despite the large number of phase-change materials proposed, the efficiency of latent heat TES systems is limited by low charge/discharge rates due to the low thermal conductivity of most materials (<0.5 W/m K), fouling of heat transfer surfaces by solid deposition, and volumetric expansion during the phase change. Thermochemical energy storage systems (TCES) are based upon reversible gas–solid reactions, characterized by high enthalpy changes, to store and release energy through a cyclic process.…”

“…Thermal energy can be stored as sensible heat, latent heat, chemical reaction heat, or combinations thereof. Sensible TES use materials with high specific heat 7 (131−4187 J/kg K) to store/release the energy by heating/cooling processes. These systems are simple, reliable, and cheap, but their energy storage density is low 8 (∼60 kWh/m 3 ).…”

“…, being the universal gas constant. For the dependence of equilibrium pressure vs temperature, we use the correlation by Garcia-Labriano 49 (7) where P is expressed in atm and T in K. 3. Quasi-steady-state conditions are assumed, where the CO 2 hold-up in the pore volume is neglected.…”

Influence of Vacancy Defects of the Calcium Oxide Surface on the Nonequilibrium Phase Transition of Alkali Metal Salts

“…The concentrated solar power (CSP) plant-integrated thermal energy storage (TES) system has good development prospects. Some researchers have summarized the commercial and large-scale application of CSP-TES plants based on calcium looping (CaL), studied the optimization of the CSP-TES system, and used exergy analysis to evaluate the efficiency of CSP-TES integration . It is estimated that CSP plants with TES systems have reached 70% of the total installed capacity by 2021 .…”

Performance Evaluation of Solar Power Plants: A Review and a Case Study

“…An analogy of CO 2 emissions from fuel fossil and solar power plants in the United States was presented by Kreith et al [61]. In the last decade, several researchers performed the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of solar energy systems and analyzed the environmental impacts of solar power plants on life and nature [62][63][64][65][66]. Nowadays, European, African, and Asian countries have begun to use solar power plants for building, agriculture, and industries [67].…”