Modelling blast loads on buildings in complex city geometries

Remennikov, Alexander; Rose, T. A.

doi:10.1016/j.compstruc.2005.04.003

Cited by 97 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Unfortunately, the effect of urban geometry on the propagation of blast waves is vast and complicated subject, and only recently has it begun to be approached in fundamental and systematic manner (Rose and Smith [4], Remennikov [5,6]) and Remennikov and Rose [7]. In this paper, investigation of the effect of the street configurations on the pressure and impulse is one of the primary objectives.…”

Section: Wwwwitpresscom Issn 1743-3509 (On-line)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of airblast loads in complex environments using artificial neural networks

Remennikov¹,

Mendis²

2006

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, Vol 87

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Predicting non-ideal airblast loads is presently a complex computational art requiring many hours of high-performance computing to evaluate a single blast scenario. The goal of this research is to develop a method for predicting blast loads in a non-ideal environment in real time. The proposed method is incorporated in a fast-running model for rapid assessment of blast loads in complex configurations such as a dense urban environment or a blast environment behind a blast barrier. This paper is concerned with an accurate prediction of the blast loads from a bomb detonation using a neural network-based model. The approach is demonstrated in application to the problem of predicting the blast loads in city streets. To train and validate the neural networks, a database of blast effects was developed using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) blast simulations. The blast threat scenarios and the principal parameters describing the street configurations and the blast wall geometry were used as the training input data. The peak pressures and impulses were used as the outputs in the neural network configuration.

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Section: Wwwwitpresscom Issn 1743-3509 (On-line)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of airblast loads in complex environments using artificial neural networks

Remennikov¹,

Mendis²

2006

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, Vol 87

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“…The example was proposed and studied numerically in [14]. The geometry of Case #2 is shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Test Case #2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulations of Blast Wave Propagation in Open and Closed Space

Федорова¹,

Valger²,

Zakharova³

2016

Proceedings of the VII European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering (ECCOMAS Congress 2016)

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Abstract. The paper presents results of 3D numerical simulations of shock wave spreading in cityscape area modeled by prismatic bodies placed on a flat plate and inside a closed room. ANSYS Autodyne software is used for the computations. Four different test cases are investi- INTRODUCTIONNowadays, a lot of industrial accidents accompanied by explosions are happening throughout the world. Also, increase in the number of terrorist acts committed by means of explosions is observed. For improving safety of buildings and structures it is necessary to raise their resistance to explosive effects, as well as to be able to predict degree of potential damage upon explosive loads of various intensities [1 -3]. One of the principal goals in designing the structure resistant to explosive effects is to determine the dynamic response of structures to the impact of the blast wave. To this end, the transient pressure loads on the walls of the civil engineering structures are to be determined.The simulation of explosion is highly complicated, involving an explosion causing the shock wave propagation in air and then interaction with a structure. In recent years, many efforts have been devoted to the development of reliable methods and algorithms for a more realistic analysis of structures subjected to blast loading. Blast predictions are most commonly conducted in one of two ways: simplified analytical and engineering methods [4 -6] or sophisticated CFD models [7 -8].The engineering-level techniques permit one to estimate an explosive shock impact only for isolated buildings. The complexity of the building, the presence of nearby structures and the surrounding environment can't be taken into account. To overcome these limitations, various CFD instrumentations are used for blast impact on the civil engineering objects including in-house and commercial software. Advanced computer aid engineering (CAE) software techniques combined with the latest methods of discrete three-dimensional city modeling permits one to simulate and analyze the effects of explosions in urban areas with a precision which previously was not possible [9, 10].In the previous papers by the authors [11,12], the adaptation of LS-DYNA and AUTODYN software was performed for the 3D problem of the blast wave impact on the single prism installed on the flat plate. Comparison of the simulation results to the experimental data [13] has shown that LS-DYNA and AUTODYN allow one to perform numerical modelling of explosive impact on the environment with an acceptable accuracy. The simplified engineering formulas gave a good coincidence with the experimental data only for the gauges situated on the windward surface of the model.In the paper, ANSYS AUTODYN software was tested on the problems of blast wave propagation in the open and closed spaces. The simulation results are compared to the experimental and numerical data [13 -17]. The ability of two numerical schemes [18][19][20] is studied to predict the pressure history in gauges placed on walls of obstacles.

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“…Beshara [7] discussed the modeling of blast loading on aboveground structures. Remennikov et al [8] provided an accurate prediction of the effects of adjacent structures on the blast loads on a building in urban terrain. Luccioni [9] performed the tests to assess the concrete pavement slab under blast loads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic response and robustness of tall buildings under blast loading

2013

Journal of Constructional Steel Research

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This is the unspecified version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link AbstractRecently, extensive research has been focused on the progressive collapse analysis of the multi-storey buildings. However, most of the research is based on the Alternative Path Method (APM) with sudden removal of the columns, ignoring the duration of the blast load working on the structures. In this paper, a 3-D numerical model with the direct simulation of blast load is proposed to study the real behaviour of a 20 storey tall building under the blast loading. A typical package bomb charge of 15 kg was detonated on the 12 th floor. The corresponding dynamic response of structure was studied in details. The robustness of the building under blast load was assessed.Comparison between the proposed method and the APM was also made. It is found that, due to the uplift and downward pressure working on the slab, the column force under the direct blast simulation method is smaller than that of the alternative path method. The method to enhance the robustness of the buildings is also recommended.

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Modelling blast loads on buildings in complex city geometries

Cited by 97 publications

References 4 publications

Prediction of airblast loads in complex environments using artificial neural networks

Prediction of airblast loads in complex environments using artificial neural networks

Simulations of Blast Wave Propagation in Open and Closed Space

Dynamic response and robustness of tall buildings under blast loading

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