Modelling bark volume for six commercially important tree species in France: assessment of models and application at regional scale

Bauer, Rodolphe; Billard, Antoine; Mothe, Frédéric; Longuetaud, Fleur; Houballah, Mojtaba; Bouvet, Alain; Cuny, Henri E.; Colin, Antoine; Colin, Francis

doi:10.1007/s13595-021-01096-7

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…European beech is highly susceptible to fire due to the thin and poorly insulating bark that protects the cambium from lethal temperatures during a fire (Bär and Mayr, 2020). While bark thickness growths with tree diameter (e.g., Bauer et al, 2021) so that larger beech trees are more likely to survive fire (Maringer et al, 2016b;2021), small-diameter beech trees tend to have the whole circumference scorched and larger parts of the cambium killed, reducing their capacity to create fire scars to survive (Maringer et al, 2016b). Thus, the small dimension of beech saplings (i.e., mostly root collar diameters < 10 cm) and the low fire protection of beech traits explain the high rate of top-kill observed for this species after a fire of low-to-moderate fire intensity.…”

Section: Resilience Of European Beech Juveniles To Firementioning

confidence: 99%

Resprouting in European beech confers resilience to high-frequency fire

et al. 2022

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European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) can regenerate successfully from seeds after mixed-severity fires with mid-to-long fire return intervals (>60 years). However, if fire return interval is lower than the age of sexual maturity, post-fire seeding will be limited, leaving vegetative resprouting as the only viable option for recovery. This means that the forecasted increase in fire frequency driven by climate change may erode beech forest resilience to fire. Here, we surveyed tree regeneration in a European beech forest affected by two consecutive fires, in 2003 and 2017, and applied experimental clipping of tree saplings to address the following questions: (1) What is the fire resistance and post-fire recovery via resprouting of tree saplings? (2) Which factors drive post-fire resprouting of beech saplings? (3) Does post-fire clipping of tree saplings increase the probability of survival and resprouting vigor? We monitored 2195 beech saplings and 953 saplings of other tree species during three consecutive years, from 2018 to 2020. Almost all beech saplings were top-killed by fire, and two-thirds of them died completely. However, 3 years after the second fire, 30 per cent of beech saplings survived by resprouting from the base. Post-fire resprouting was less likely in small-diameter saplings and in those more injured by fire. Overall, the second fire did not cause a major decline of beech regeneration and consequently did not alter the dominant species composition of post-fire recovery. Given the low specific resistance to fire, post-fire resprouting of saplings is therefore a key component of beech resilience to short-interval fires. The effects of clipping on post-fire survival and resprouting vigor were very limited, suggesting the unsuitability of actively clearing burned beech regeneration as a post-fire management prescription. In conclusion, basal resprouting from beech saplings after fire-induced top-kill led to a higher-than-expected resilience of beech to short-interval fires (i.e. circa 15 years).

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Section: Resilience Of European Beech Juveniles To Firementioning

confidence: 99%

Resprouting in European beech confers resilience to high-frequency fire

et al. 2022

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“…Bark components vary widely depending on tree species, tree age, and different bark layers. Due to the heterogeneous composition and high content of impurities, the bark is usually used as a horticultural substrate [6] or managed by incineration for energy production [7]. However, the utilization of bark as an energy source is limited by its high ash content given that ash elements tend to decrease the heating value [8] and cause fouling problems in the combustors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Air Remediation Using Biochar from Bark: Impact of Particle Size and Pollutant Concentration

Zouari,

Hribernik,

Schwarzkopf

2024

Indoor Air

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The growing emphasis on indoor air quality and public health is fuelling the need for efficient yet affordable air purification techniques. In this study, the influence of biochar particle size on its adsorption efficiency toward airborne pollutants was examined. Bark-derived biochar particles were treated by grinding or ball milling, and then, seven samples with different particle size groups were separated. Biochar particles were characterized by particle size, proximate, SEM, XRD, and physisorption analyses. For adsorption efficiency, two different pollutants were tested at variable initial concentrations. The physical composition and XRD patterns of the biochar with different particle sizes were comparable. The ball-milled sample was an exception in that it had higher ash content and additional XRD peaks signifying contamination of the sample. The porosity of biochar was greater in smaller particles. Ball milling increased the specific surface area and total pore volume by 102% and 48%, respectively. Biochar with finer particle size exhibited the highest adsorption potential towards formaldehyde and methanol among other samples. It should be emphasized that simple mechanical grinding is preferred for reducing biochar size to avoid the risk of eventual contamination, greater energy consumption, and slower processing related to ball milling. When a low concentration of pollutant was tested (1 ppm formaldehyde), the effect of particle size on the adsorption efficiency was more noticeable. However, the effect of particle size was less dominant when higher concentrations of pollutants were tested. Smaller biochar particles (<100 μm) are more favourable for indoor air remediation given their superior adsorption efficiency of volatile organic compounds occurring at low concentrations in the buildings.

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“…Since the variation of bark thickness along the tree bole, is a reality, accurate bark factor (BFi), which represents a bark thickness ratio, values prediction through models, can significantly contribute to the accurate and reliable diameters bark percentage (bdi%) prediction for each diameter (di), leading to the accurate prediction of the tree bole volume along with the tree bark volume of the trees. To this direction, in order for the bark volume of the trees to be accurately predicted, many different modeling methodologies have been applied till today, mostly including linear and non-linear regression models [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Lately, in the scientific area of forest research, attention is paid to the machine learning methodologies, that due to their nonparametric algorithms, are free of assumptions beset the regression modeling methodology [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree bark prediction along the bole through the support vector regression technique

Diamantopoulou

2023

E3S Web Conf.

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Tree bark plays a protective role by surrounding the wood of a tree like a cloak. Due to its chemical composition and the possibility of its use in various fields, such as pharmaceuticals, landscape architecture, etc., tree bark receives much attention having outstanding importance for industrial utilization and markets. Tree bark is considered a valuable forest product, along with the wood volume. Thus, the accurate prediction of the bark quantity that a tree can produce is of utmost importance for the sustainable management of the forests. For this reason, the knowledge of its quantities, further enables the accurate prediction of the plain wood volume that can be produced by the forest, as well. Because of the nonlinear nature of this biological variable, its accurate quantification is a very complicated problem. Artificial intelligent methods have shown the potential to reliably predict biological variables that are non-linear in nature. In this work, the support vector regression methodology, as a nonlinear nonparametric machine learning approach, is tested for the accurate prediction of the tree bark factor in every different height of the tree bole, through easily obtained measurements on trees.

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Modelling bark volume for six commercially important tree species in France: assessment of models and application at regional scale

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Resprouting in European beech confers resilience to high-frequency fire

Resprouting in European beech confers resilience to high-frequency fire

Indoor Air Remediation Using Biochar from Bark: Impact of Particle Size and Pollutant Concentration

Tree bark prediction along the bole through the support vector regression technique

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