Modelling Ash Deposition during the Combustion of Low Grade Fuels

Jokiniemi, Jorma; Pyykönen, Jouni; Lyyränen, Jussi; Mikkanen, Pirita; Kauppinen, Esko I.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-9223-2_40

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…After the black liquor combustion and release of the inorganic elements are modeled, the reactions between the alkali metal compounds are simulated at a fixed temperature and in a fixed flow field. The reactions, which were described by Jokiniemi et al [12], involve the sodium compounds (NaCl, NaOH, Na 2 CO 3 , and Na 2 SO 4 ), potassium compounds (KCl, KOH, K 2 CO 3 , and K 2 SO 4 ), sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen chloride, together with oxygen, water, and carbon dioxide. The reactions are modeled as equilibrium reactions because the temperature in the furnace is sufficiently high that they reach equilibrium quickly [24].…”

Section: Alkali Metal Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar model, called the aerosol behavior in combustion (ABC) model, was developed by Jokiniemi et al in 1994 [11,12]. The ABC model combines the simulation of local gas phase chemical equilibria with the modeling of the formation, growth, and deposition of aerosol particles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ABC model combines the simulation of local gas phase chemical equilibria with the modeling of the formation, growth, and deposition of aerosol particles. It was first validated in experiments with pulverized coal combustion [11] and later with kraft recovery boilers [12]. The difference between the two models is that the ABC model is one-dimensional and uses the nodal point method to discretize the part i c l e s i z e d i s t r i bu t i o n , w h e r e a s ou r m o d e l i s three-dimensional and uses the modal aerosol dynamics (MAD) model to represent the size distribution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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CFD-modeling of fume formation in kraft recovery boilers

Leppänen¹,

Välimäki²,

Oksanen³

et al. 2013

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A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to simulate alkali metal chemistry and fume particle formation in a kraft recovery boiler. The modeling results were partially validated against previously obtained field measurements. The model provides information about fume composition, chlorine and potassium enrichment factors, and particle mass concentration at different locations in the boiler.

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Section: Alkali Metal Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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CFD-modeling of fume formation in kraft recovery boilers

Leppänen¹,

Välimäki²,

Oksanen³

et al. 2013

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“…When temperature is above 600°C, alkali species appear in gas phrase in the form of alkali chloride. Above 1000°C, alkali hydroxide may also appear in gas phrase [9] . The effect of Cl、S、Si、Al on the behavior of alkali metals in biomass combustion was also investigated by thermodynamic equilibrium calculations.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Deposit Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Current Status of the Characteristic of Deposits on Heating Surfaces from Heating Biomass-fired Boiler

Zhao¹,

Tang²,

Zhu³

2017

dtmse

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Abstract. Biomass direct combustion for electricity is the most widely applied and developed biomass conversion and utilization technology, but due to the high content of alkali metals, it will cause deposition and high temperature corrosion of heating surfaces in boiler during biomass combustion, thus reduces the efficiency and influences the long-time safe operation of the boiler. Alkali metals problem especially deposition and high temperature corrosion is urgently need to be solved. A review of literature indicates ash deposition and high temperature corrosion of heating surfaces in biomass-fired boilers, combined engineering practice with experimental study, explored the mechanism of deposition build-up and high temperature.

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“…Stosowane podej cie w tych artyku•ach nie ma wi c bezpo redniego zastosowania do du ych silników ZS. Dopiero niedawno opublikowano artyku•y, które dotycz tworzenia cz steczek w du ych silnikach ZS ( [21][22][23][24]).…”

Section: Wp•yw Paliwa Na Powstawanie Osadów Na Zaworzeunclassified

Badania wpływu osadów na zużycie zaworu

Jóźwiak¹,

Siczek²

2013

The Archives of Automotive Engineering/ Archiwum Motoryzacji

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StreszczenieW artykule przedstawiono analiz✁ wp!ywu obecno✂ ci osadów na zaworach rozrz✄ du silnika spalinowego na zu☎ ycie tych zaworów. Celem przeprowadzonych bada✆ by!o rozpoznanie procesu osadzania si✁ nagaru na zaworach silnika spalinowego oraz oszacowanie wspó!czynnika oporów ruchu podczas ✂ lizgania si✁ przylgni zaworu po przylgni gniazda w warunkach wyst✁ powania nagaru. Omówiono na podstawie przegl✄ du literatury wp!yw smarowania, powstawania osadów i obracania si✁ zaworów na ich zu☎ ycie. Przeanalizowano wp!yw paliwa na tworzenie si✁ osadów, st✁ ☎ enie masowe cz✄ steczek tych osadów. Przedstawiono mechanizmy osadzania si✁ cz✄ steczek na powierzchni przylgni zaworu wylotowego, mechanizmy narastania osadu. Przeanalizowano pr✁ dko✂ ✝ osadzania cz✄ steczek i zjawisko z!uszczania osadu. Przedstawiono model zu☎ ycia zaworu oraz stanowisko do badania momentu tarcia mi✁ dzy stalow✄ kulk✄ i p!ask✄ stalow✄ próbk✄ , po-kryt✄ warstw✄ osadu. W artykule zamieszczono tak☎ e wyniki bada✆ eksperymentalnych oraz wy-ci✄ gni✁ te wnioski. Spis oznaczeα, β -wspó!czynniki, e-energia uderzenia, f -cz stotliwo wymusze , k -sta!a zuycia przy po lizgu, j, n, K -sta!e zu ycia przy uderzeniu, m -suma masy zaworu i po!owy masy spr yny, p g -szczytowa warto ci nienia gazów w cylindrze, r -g! boko ubytku, w -d!ugo przylgni, x -droga po lizgu przylgni zaworu wzgl dem przylgni gniazda, A i -pocz tkowe pole styku zawór -gniazdo, A -pole styku po N cyklach, H -twardo powierzchni gniazda, N -liczba cykli, P -rednia si!a obci aj ca pole styku zaworu z gniazdem, R -promie otworu gniazda w g!owicy, R max -parametr chropowato ci, T -temperatura, V -pr dko zaworu podczas uderzenia, W -obj to zu ycia, ZI -zap!on iskrowy, ZS -zap!on samoczynny, -wzgl dny stosunek powietrza do paliwa, µ -wspó!czynnik tarcia w styku zawór -gniazdo, θ -k t przylgni zaworu,. R i -pocz tkowy promie przylgni gniazda, w i -pocz tkowa d!ugo przylgni gniazda, M t -moment tarcia. ARCHIWUM MOTORYZACJI 1, pp. 55-73 (2011) Szary / Gray Czarny / Black 523 K 623 K 723 K Gniazdo / Seat Insert Zawór / Valve 700 K Rys. 1. Zgromadzone osady na zaworach dolotowych silnika ZS, na bazie [4]

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Modelling Ash Deposition during the Combustion of Low Grade Fuels

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

CFD-modeling of fume formation in kraft recovery boilers

CFD-modeling of fume formation in kraft recovery boilers

Recent Advances and Current Status of the Characteristic of Deposits on Heating Surfaces from Heating Biomass-fired Boiler

Badania wpływu osadów na zużycie zaworu

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