Modelling and control strategy development for fuel cell electric vehicles

Schell, Andreas; Peng, Huei; Tran, Tuan Diep; Stamos, Euthie; Lin, C.C.; Kim, Min-Joong

doi:10.1016/j.arcontrol.2005.02.001

Cited by 65 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The battery, fuel cell, and traction motor models used here are described in reference [24]. Time delays due to hydrogen transport and fuel cell activation were not included in the fuel cell model because previous work has shown that simulation fidelity is not affected significantly by whether these delays are represented explicitly or not [23]. However, the dynamic lag between requested fuel cell power and actual fuel cell power delivered, which is important to performance, is incorporated in the form of a first order transfer function with a steady-state gain of 1 and time constant, 5.5 s. while the PV array model is based on reference [25].…”

Section: The Process: Component Description Modeling and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because they are simple, such methods are computationally efficient and relatively cheap to implement, but have been shown to provide adequate power demand and battery SOC control while reducing hydrogen consumption [9][10][11][12][13][14]. In contrast, the second class of methods, which determine control action via optimization, have been shown to provide better overall performance (improved power demand and battery SOC control, and reduced hydrogen consumption) than rule-based methods [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. However, optimization methods, such as those that employ dynamic programming or Pontryagin's Minimum Principle, require a priori knowledge of the vehicle drive cycle, rendering them sub-optimal under unusual or unexpected driving conditions (e.g., hill climbing, lane changing, and abrupt starts and stops); furthermore, because of inherent complexity, these methods are computationally expensive and hence subject to high implementation costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Design, Operation, Control, and Economics of a Photovoltaic/Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Automotive Applications

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Meeting rapidly growing global energy demand-without producing greenhouse gases or further diminishing the availability of non-renewable resources-requires the development of affordable low-emission renewable energy systems. Here, we develop a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for automotive applications-specifically, a roof-installed photovoltaic (PV) array combined with a PEM fuel cell/NiCd battery bus currently operating shuttle routes on the University of Delaware campus. The system's overall operating objectives-meeting the total power demand of the bus and maintaining the desired state of charge (SOC) of the NiCd battery-are achieved with appropriately designed controllers: a logic-based "algebraic controller" and a standard PI controller. The design, implementation, and performance of the hybrid system are demonstrated via simulation of real shuttle runs under various operating conditions. The results show that both control strategies perform equally well in enabling the HRES to meet its objectives under typical operating conditions, and under sudden cloud cover conditions; however, at consistently high bus speeds, battery SOC maintenance is better, and the system consumes less hydrogen, with PI control. An economic analysis of the PV investment necessary to realize the HRES design objectives indicates a return on investment of approximately 30% (a slight, but nonetheless positive, ~$550 profit over the bus lifetime) in Newark, DE, OPEN ACCESSProcesses 2015, 3 453 establishing the economic viability of the proposed addition of a PV array to the existing University of Delaware fuel cell/battery bus.

show abstract

Section: The Process: Component Description Modeling and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Operation, Control, and Economics of a Photovoltaic/Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Automotive Applications

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The fuel cell model was based on the mechanistic models [22,23]. It contains the open circuit voltage, activation loss, ohmic loss, and concentration loss models.…”

Section: Fuel Cell Stackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on operating characteristics of fuel cell powered electric vehicle with different air feeding systems

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper the modeling of a fuel cell powered electric vehicle is presented. The fuel cell system consisting of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack and balance of plant (BOP) was co-simulated with a commercial vehicle simulation program. The simulation program calculates the load of the fuel cell depending on the driving mode of the vehicle and also calculates the overall efficiency and each parasitic loss by applying the load in the fuel cell model that is used to estimate the performance of the entire vehicle system by calculating the acceleration performances and fuel economy of the vehicle. Two types of air feeding systems (blower type and compressor type) were modeled by using MATLAB/Simulink environment and the effect of fuel cell stack size (number of cells, cell area) on the fuel economy and performance of the fuel cell powered vehicle was investigated. Using a driving cycle of FTP-75, the required power, BOP component power loss, and system efficiency for two types of fuel cell systems were analyzed. Through this study, we could get a basic insight into the fuel cell powered electric vehicle and its characteristics.

show abstract

“…In this study we expand upon state-of-the-art fuel cell vehicle modeling approaches [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] by coupling a system model with a detailed multiphysics single-cell model [22]. We introduce a multimethodology modeling and simulation approach for PEMFC performance and durability over realistic driving cycles and complete cell lifetime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-timescale modeling methodology for PEMFC performance and durability in a virtual fuel cell car

Mayur

Strahl

Husar

et al. 2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.The durability of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is governed by a nonlinear coupling between system demand, component behavior, and physicochemical degradation mechanisms, occurring on timescales from the sub-second to the thousand-hour. We present a simulation methodology for assessing performance and durability of a PEMFC under automotive driving cycles. The simulation framework consists of (a) a fuel cell car model converting velocity to cell power demand, (b) a 2D multiphysics cell model, (c) a flexible degradation library template that can accommodate physically-based component-wise degradation mechanisms, and (d) a time-upscaling methodology for extrapolating degradation during a representative load cycle to multiple cycles. The computational framework describes three different time scales, (1) sub-second timescale of electrochemistry, (2) minute-timescale of driving cycles, and (3) thousand-hour-timescale of cell ageing. We demonstrate an exemplary PEMFC durability analysis due to membrane degradation under a highly transient loading of the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).

show abstract

Modelling and control strategy development for fuel cell electric vehicles

Cited by 65 publications

References 2 publications

Design, Operation, Control, and Economics of a Photovoltaic/Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Automotive Applications

Design, Operation, Control, and Economics of a Photovoltaic/Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Automotive Applications

Study on operating characteristics of fuel cell powered electric vehicle with different air feeding systems

A multi-timescale modeling methodology for PEMFC performance and durability in a virtual fuel cell car

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About