“…The Tiszanána enamel data have higher 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios than do the Karos and Kenézlő enamel data, which may mirror the local sedimentary environmental characteristics or may be evidence of migration. The aforementioned locations studied by Depaermentier et al (2021) are geographically close to the sites researched in this paper and do not show systematic Sr isotope differences along the Tisza river. The Sr isotope difference between the Tiszanána and the Karos-Kenézlő data may derive from inhomogeneities in the fluvial sediments.…”
Section: Strontium Isotopic Compositions: Alteration Migration and Dietsupporting
confidence: 56%
“…This carbonate may be considered to be analogous to soil carbonate. and Kenézlő are Mezőzombor-Községi temető (MEKÖ) and Tiszadob-Okenéz (TISO), whereas the Tiszanána cemetery is close to the Kompolt-Kígyós-ér (KOKI), Tiszabura Bonishat (TIBO), and Pusztataksony Ledence (PULE) sites investigated by Depaermentier et al (2021). The comparison of these sites is also supported by the similarities of local geological characteristics, as Fig.…”
Section: Strontium Isotopic Compositions: Alteration Migration and Dietmentioning
confidence: 79%
“…However, because bone alteration and, consequently, the stable isotopic shifts are not uniform, the bone data may represent mixed compositions between enamel data and local soil values. This should be taken into account when bone isotope values are used as representative of soil compositions (e.g., Depaermentier et al 2021).…”
Section: Strontium Isotopic Compositions: Alteration Migration and Dietmentioning
Stable isotope-based dietary information on the tenth century CE Hungarian population serves as a valuable comparative tool to other dietary stable isotope studies in the region. This study presents a multiproxy approach involving skeletal samples with the least diagenetic alteration and the best-preserved primary signals. Dental and bone samples collected from three cemeteries in northeastern Hungary were investigated using a combination of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), stable isotope geochemistry, and strontium isotope analysis. FTIR measurements were used to detect the addition of secondary carbonate to the skeletal apatite carbonate component and to differentiate diagenetically altered samples. Our results suggest that all but the bone apatite carbonate stable isotope values and 87Sr/86Sr ratios are trustworthy and may be used to interpret the diet and migration of the researched individuals. We also determined that the inhabitants of the three tenth century CE Hungarian settlements relied primarily on C3 plants, but that C4 plants, most likely broomcorn millet (P. miliaceum), comprised a moderate portion of their plant-based diet and that animal products were generally consumed in moderate-high amounts. Coupled analyses of carbonate oxygen and strontium isotope compositions revealed that most of the bone apatite carbonate was heavily altered, whereas enamel apatite carbonate samples largely preserved their primary compositions. The bones showing the least amount of diagenetic alteration may partially preserve their primary apatite carbonate compositions, as well as show a combination of primary and secondary signals, which should be taken into consideration when bone apatite carbonate data are interpreted.
“…The Tiszanána enamel data have higher 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios than do the Karos and Kenézlő enamel data, which may mirror the local sedimentary environmental characteristics or may be evidence of migration. The aforementioned locations studied by Depaermentier et al (2021) are geographically close to the sites researched in this paper and do not show systematic Sr isotope differences along the Tisza river. The Sr isotope difference between the Tiszanána and the Karos-Kenézlő data may derive from inhomogeneities in the fluvial sediments.…”
Section: Strontium Isotopic Compositions: Alteration Migration and Dietsupporting
confidence: 56%
“…This carbonate may be considered to be analogous to soil carbonate. and Kenézlő are Mezőzombor-Községi temető (MEKÖ) and Tiszadob-Okenéz (TISO), whereas the Tiszanána cemetery is close to the Kompolt-Kígyós-ér (KOKI), Tiszabura Bonishat (TIBO), and Pusztataksony Ledence (PULE) sites investigated by Depaermentier et al (2021). The comparison of these sites is also supported by the similarities of local geological characteristics, as Fig.…”
Section: Strontium Isotopic Compositions: Alteration Migration and Dietmentioning
confidence: 79%
“…However, because bone alteration and, consequently, the stable isotopic shifts are not uniform, the bone data may represent mixed compositions between enamel data and local soil values. This should be taken into account when bone isotope values are used as representative of soil compositions (e.g., Depaermentier et al 2021).…”
Section: Strontium Isotopic Compositions: Alteration Migration and Dietmentioning
Stable isotope-based dietary information on the tenth century CE Hungarian population serves as a valuable comparative tool to other dietary stable isotope studies in the region. This study presents a multiproxy approach involving skeletal samples with the least diagenetic alteration and the best-preserved primary signals. Dental and bone samples collected from three cemeteries in northeastern Hungary were investigated using a combination of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), stable isotope geochemistry, and strontium isotope analysis. FTIR measurements were used to detect the addition of secondary carbonate to the skeletal apatite carbonate component and to differentiate diagenetically altered samples. Our results suggest that all but the bone apatite carbonate stable isotope values and 87Sr/86Sr ratios are trustworthy and may be used to interpret the diet and migration of the researched individuals. We also determined that the inhabitants of the three tenth century CE Hungarian settlements relied primarily on C3 plants, but that C4 plants, most likely broomcorn millet (P. miliaceum), comprised a moderate portion of their plant-based diet and that animal products were generally consumed in moderate-high amounts. Coupled analyses of carbonate oxygen and strontium isotope compositions revealed that most of the bone apatite carbonate was heavily altered, whereas enamel apatite carbonate samples largely preserved their primary compositions. The bones showing the least amount of diagenetic alteration may partially preserve their primary apatite carbonate compositions, as well as show a combination of primary and secondary signals, which should be taken into consideration when bone apatite carbonate data are interpreted.
“…However, this wide range resulting from the heterogeneous environmental settings in the area ( Figure 3 ) is not just specific for Basel but can be found in surrounding regions 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 and other areas across Europe. 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 Figure 7 Strontium and oxygen isotope data Results of the strontium and oxygen isotope analyses compared to the strontium and oxygen isotopes local ranges determined by C. Knipper, D. Brönnimann and colleagues for the Basel-Gasfabrik project 57 , 58 (see also Table S1 for detailed raw data). …”
“…Different approaches, however, have recently been emphasized for the construction of complementary regions around settlements, using various distance-based relationships. Most of them, however, were building on plain surfaces instead of integrating permeability or accessibility into the cost-distanceexpenditure calculation (Brönnimann et al, 2018;dePaermentier et al, 2020;dePaermentier et al, 2021;KemPf, 2020d). Under an extensive agricultural regime, the spatial relationship between the settlement and the field is less constraining, since less labor is invested.…”
Section: Pattern Detection Scale and Inherent Uncertaintiesmentioning
Point pattern analysis (PPA) has gained momentum in archaeological research that models large-scale distributions of sites and explanatory covariates. As such, there has been increased interest in the bias of archaeological distributions, which mostly have an impact due to modern land-use change. These interactions, however, have not yet been fully explored. In order to better understand archaeological point patterns as functions of explanatory covariates, we offer three different approaches: (i) environmental preference modelling of archaeological records in different chronological phases; (ii) a custom bias surface that represents the variability of the regional landscape; (iii) an R-package (rbias) allowing the generation of a fuzzified bias surface based on Open Street Map (OSM) data.
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