Modeling trait and state variation using multilevel factor analysis with PANAS daily diary data

Abstract

This study used daily diary data to model trait and state Positive Affect (PA) and Negative Affect (NA) using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988). Data were collected from 364 college students over five days. Intraclass correlation coefficients suggested approximately equal amounts of variability at the trait and state levels. Multilevel factor analysis revealed that the model specifying two correlated factors (PA, NA) and correlated uniqueness terms among redundant items provided the best fit. Trait and state PA and NA were generally associated with stress, anxiety, depression, and three types of self-esteem (performance, academic, social). The coefficients describing these relationships differed somewhat, suggesting that trait and state measurement may have different predictive utility.

Daily Interpersonal and Affective Dynamics in Personality Disorder

“…Here we demonstrate that a substantial proportion (42%–51%) of overall variability in daily interpersonal behavior and affect in this sample of individuals with any PD comes from day-to-day fluctuations within-person as opposed to between-person differences in the averages. Our results are highly concordant with previously published findings from non-clinical samples (ICCs for affect = .52–.56; e.g., Charles & Almeida, 2006; Merz & Roesch, 2011), suggesting that on average individuals with PD are no more or less variable than others. 3 This finding, in concert with the growing body of basic personality work on this topic (e.g., Fleeson & Gallagher, 2009), shows that considerable variability in behavior is an aspect of functioning general to all individuals, whether they are diagnosed with a PD or not.…”

Evidence for the Validity of the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire in a Nonclinical Population: More Than Just Negative Affectivity

“…For this study, instructions asked how respondents felt in general (i.e., "Indicate to what extent you generally feel this way, that is, how you feel on the average.") to get at dispositional negative affectivity, rather than at transient negative affect (Merz & Roesch, 2011). Evidence for the construct validity of the PANAS has been reported in Watson et al (1988).…”

Connection Overload? A Cross Cultural Study of the Consequences of Social Media Connection

“…Negative outcomes are, in turn, expected to cause stress, since adverse life events are inherently stressful (Kohn, Lafreniere, & Gurevich, 1990). Stress (Merz & Roesch, 2011) and negative outcomes should directly cause negative affect as well.…”