Modeling thermal effects and polarization competition in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Masoller, Cristina; Torre, M. S.

doi:10.1364/oe.16.021282

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…0018-9197/$26.00 c 2010 IEEE Recently, we proposed an extension of the SFM model [11] incorporating a rate-equation for the variation of the temperature of the active region, which takes into account the decay to a fixed substrate temperature, Joule heating, and nonradiative recombination heating [12], [13]. The extended SFM model also takes into account a frequency and temperature-dependent material gain, and the red shift of the gain peak and of the cavity resonance with increasing temperature; it is therefore suitable for studying the interplay of polarization and thermal effects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Hysteresis and Thermal Effects in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Torre

Masoller

2010

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-We study numerically the polarization-resolved light-output characteristic of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) using the spin-flip model for VCSELs extended to take into account thermal effects via a dynamical equation for the active region temperature, including heat dissipation, heating due to nonradiative carrier recombination, and Joule effect. The temperature dynamics is coupled to the carrier and optical field dynamics via a frequency and temperaturedependent gain coefficient. We show that the interplay of thermal effects and injection current variation can result in turn-on and turn-off hysteresis cycles that can be, depending on various model parameters, positive or negative. In the first case, the turn-on occurs at a higher value of the bias current than the turn-off; in a negative hysteresis cycle, the laser turns-on at a lower value of the bias current than the turn-off. These results are interpreted in terms of the interplay of the two time-scales determined by the injection current swept rate and the thermal relaxation rate.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Hysteresis and Thermal Effects in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Torre

Masoller

2010

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Type II PS followed by Type I PS has been predicted in [31]. However in this case Type I (Type II) PS current decreases (increases) with temperature [31]. Some results in [31] indicate that Type II PS current can decrease with the temperature but we note that predictions in [31] have been done using values of s around two orders of magnitude smaller than our measured values.…”

Section: Polarization Parameters Of the Vcsel As A Function Of Thmentioning

confidence: 38%

“…Double PS has been theoretically predicted [7], [31][32]. Type II PS followed by Type I PS has been predicted in [31]. However in this case Type I (Type II) PS current decreases (increases) with temperature [31].…”

Section: Polarization Parameters Of the Vcsel As A Function Of Thmentioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Measurement of Temperature-Dependent Polarization Parameters in Long-Wavelength VCSELs

Quirce

Valle

Pesquera

et al. 2015

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Measurements of the polarization-resolved characteristics of a 1550nm Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) as a function of the temperature are presented. Type I (from the high-frequency to the low-frequency polarization mode) and Type II (from the low-frequency to the high-frequency polarization mode) Polarization Switchings (PS) are found in our device. Double PS (Type II followed by Type I and vice versa) is found when increasing the bias current for different device temperatures. Type II polarization switching to the gain disfavored mode is obtained. PS current, nonlinear dichroism, differential gain and threshold current are measured as a function of the temperature. An expression relating these quantities to the spin-flip rate is derived. Using this expression we have found large values of the spin-flip rate and its temperature dependence. Spin-flip rate increases with temperature except in a narrow temperature region in which a local minimum is observed. This behaviour is mainly determined by the dependence of the inverse of the nonlinear dichroism on the temperature.

show abstract

“…However, the main drawbacks of the VCSEL are strong thermal dependent behavior and the polarization instabilities. The effects such as increased noise and bistability of lasing modes are due to the absence of a well-defined polarization selection mechanism affected by thermal dependent behavior (Michalzik 2013;Masoller and Torre 2008). Consequently, VCSEL models must account for thermal effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circuit-level implementation of quantum-dot VCSEL

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, for the first time a circuit model of quantum dot InGaAs-GaAs VCSEL including thermal effects is presented. The model is able to predict L-I characteristics for a range of ambient temperatures that the simulation results reveal a good agreement with experimental data reported in literatures. Also the effects of carrier dynamics on the QD-VCSEL performance are simulated that is accordance with results reported by other researcher. The parameters affecting high-speed optical modulation techniques, particularly on-off keying, such as turn-on delay, relaxation oscillations frequency (f ro ) and cutoff frequency for different level modulation currents are investigated. The model is compatible with circuit analysis programs.

show abstract

Modeling thermal effects and polarization competition in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Dynamical Hysteresis and Thermal Effects in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Dynamical Hysteresis and Thermal Effects in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Measurement of Temperature-Dependent Polarization Parameters in Long-Wavelength VCSELs

Circuit-level implementation of quantum-dot VCSEL

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About