Modeling the transmitted and stored energy in multilayer protective clothing under low-level radiant exposure

Su, Yun; He, Jiazhen; Li, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.10.089

Cited by 54 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The difference of skin burn time between two pressures ranged from 1.0% to 2.3%, which was statistically significant ( P < .05). The existence of air gap between fabric system and skin surface increases the temperature difference between them . This means that the fabric system can be treated as heat source.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason might be that the fabric system in a cylindrical configuration presented an obvious shrinkage during the exposure, thus decreasing the air gap size between the fabric system and the skin. The decrease of air gap size reduced the TPP of clothing and the stored thermal energy within the clothing . These factors might contribute to the fact that the second degree skin burn time obtained in a cylindrical configuration was less than that in a planar configuration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existence of air gap between fabric system and skin surface increases the temperature difference between them. 23 This means that the fabric system can be treated as heat source. For no compression, the air gap between fabric system and skin surface become the only protective medium.…”

Section: Effect Of Compression On Skin Burn Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decrease of air gap size reduced the TPP of clothing and the stored thermal energy within the clothing. 23 These factors might contribute to the fact that the second degree skin burn time obtained in a cylindrical configuration was less than that in a planar configuration. The changed air gap also reduced the temperature difference between the fabric backside and the skin surface.…”

Section: Effect Of Compression In a Cylindrical Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of compression on thermal protection of firefighting protective clothing under flame exposure

Yang

et al. 2019

Fire and Materials

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Summary The applied compression on firefighting protective clothing affects the physical properties of the designed system, which in return the thermal protective performance (TPP) could be changed. A modified TPP tester was proposed to investigate the effect of compression on performance of protective clothing. Three stages of heat exchange during firefighting, including heat exposure, heat discharge, and skin cooling, were defined to examine contribution of each stage to skin burn injury. Additionally, the influence of compression on thermal protection was compared under planar and cylindrical configurations. The results demonstrated that the applied compression significantly exacerbated skin burn injuries, while the further increase of the pressure had no significant effect on skin burn injuries. The thermal energy during heat discharge ranged from 42.2% to 64.5% of the maximum thermal energy, highly depending on the fabric properties, the applied compression, the heat discharge time, and the body configuration. The decrease of thermal energy during skin cooling stage only composed a small portion of total absorbed thermal energy, which was increased by the applied compression. The conclusions from this study could contribute to understanding the principle of thermal protection in different firefighting stages for reducing skin burn injury.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Compression On Skin Burn Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Compression In a Cylindrical Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of compression on thermal protection of firefighting protective clothing under flame exposure

Yang

et al. 2019

Fire and Materials

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“…These dynamics largely depend on the discharge of stored thermal energy within the fabric. The existence of an air gap can increase the amount of stored thermal energy within the fabric during heat exposure, 29 thus resulting in a slower discharge of this stored thermal energy once heat exposure has ended. In addition, the existence of air gaps retards heat dissipation from the skin due to the air's insulating thermal properties.…”

Section: Effect Of Fabric Deformation On Heat Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fabric Deformation on Thermal Protective Performance of Clothing in a Cylindrical Configuration

Yang

et al. 2019

Symposium on Homeland Security and Public Safety: Research, Applications and Standards

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Firefighting protective clothing is designed to provide thermal protection for firefighters in fire extinguishing or rescuing operations. However, fabric deformation and stretching due to body movement and different postures could change the clothing's thermal protective performance. Current gaps in our knowledge with regard to fabric deformation often resulted in biased predictions of the thermal protective level that personal protective equipment (PPE) can provide, highlighting the need to improve our understanding in this field. In this study, we developed a device that can be connected to a cylindrical copper calorimeter to simulate fabric deformation due to body movement and different postures and simultaneously measure the fabric's thermal properties. Stretching forces of varying magnitudes (of 0, 1.2, 2.1, and 3.1 psi) were applied to study the effect of fabric deformation on the thermal protective performance of clothing under low-and high-intensity heat exposures. In addition, we analyzed skin burn times with different stretching forces and fabric properties. The selected fabrics were stretched by approximately 15 % under a stretching force of 3.1 psi. Fabric deformation led to a significant reduction of the predicted thermal protective performance of fabrics, mainly due to changes in fabric thickness, porosity, and mass per unit area. Predicted skin burn times decreased for increasing stretching forces, although the decrease was less pronounced under high-intensity heat exposure as a result of fabric shrinkage and degradation. The findings from this study further advance our current understanding of the thermal protective performance of clothing and may lead to the development of a new test to characterize clothing performance under more realistic usage situations.

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Test Evaluation of Thermal Protection Performance of Flame-Retardant Protective Clothing

Li¹,

Shen²,

Liu³

et al. 2021

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Modeling the transmitted and stored energy in multilayer protective clothing under low-level radiant exposure

Cited by 54 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of compression on thermal protection of firefighting protective clothing under flame exposure

Effect of compression on thermal protection of firefighting protective clothing under flame exposure

Effect of Fabric Deformation on Thermal Protective Performance of Clothing in a Cylindrical Configuration

Test Evaluation of Thermal Protection Performance of Flame-Retardant Protective Clothing

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