Modeling the Three Piece Oil Control Ring Dynamics and Oil Transport in Internal Combustion Engines

Zhang, Wang; Ahling, Sebastian; Tian, Tian

doi:10.4271/2021-01-0345

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…As mentioned in previous sections, the baseline Digital Twin model employs the healthy system assumption, 21 which assumes that an engine operates under an ideal condition with only the unavoidable physics considered. At the current stage, the model is helpful in establishing an absolute lower bound for oil consumption given certain engine operating conditions and design parameters.…”

Section: Model Results Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the authors’ best knowledge, the methods proposed herein have not previously been applied in the field of engine lubrication. As a baseline model, only the physics and mechanisms under the healthy system assumption 21 are considered. The results obtained herein reflect the trend that a system in an ideal situation should exhibit, and the oil consumption behavior can be treated as a lower-bound value or the ultimate design target for a particular piston ring pack, with specified oil supply and leakage mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concept of healthy system was first introduced by Tian in an internal report of the Consortium on Lubrication in IC Engines at MIT 20 and later published. 21 A healthy system is to ensure sufficient oil supply to the lower flank of the top ring groove and the top of the liner between the top dead center (TDC) of the top ring and oil control ring. Excessive oil is then effectively released to the crankcase via a coupling of piston ring dynamics and gas flow.…”

Section: The Healthy System Assumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid digital twin for conditional lubricant oil transport simulation and oil consumption prediction in internal combustion engines

Zhong

Tian

2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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Reducing lubricant oil consumption (LOC) has long been an interest to engine manufacturers in an effort to reduce overall emissions from internal combustion (IC) engines. However, directly correlating engine operating conditions with LOC rates is a challenging task given its complex and multi-physics nature. Building on previous experimental observations and modeling efforts, a baseline hybrid model, which combines traditional physics-based numerical simulation with modern machine learning techniques, was developed. As the first step, the model is to compute the oil exiting the top ring gap with given oil supply rate and locations to the second land. Studies performed using the model reveal a strong dependency of LOC on engine speed, load as well as the relative locations of piston ring gaps. In particular, the close proximity of the oil source on second land to the top ring gap and the reverse gas flow at low load conditions can both induce high LOC. Piston ring gap rotations and the different oil supply mechanisms to the piston ring pack are also found to heavily influence the oil consumption behavior and oil film thickness distribution pattern. The present work is the first step to a more comprehensive model for predicting LOC for healthy systems of piston ring packs. The efficiency of the model made it possible to study the oil redistribution that takes many engine cycles to reach equilibrium and rotation of the ring gaps that could happen in reality at a time scale of minutes and even longer.

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Section: Model Results Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Healthy System Assumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid digital twin for conditional lubricant oil transport simulation and oil consumption prediction in internal combustion engines

Zhong

Tian

2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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“…Three-piece oil control rings have also been investigated by Tian et al [7], Zhang et al [8], Li and Tian [9] and Mochizuki et al [10]. Tian et al [7] conducted a tribodynamic study of three-piece oil control rings, noting that there is asperity frictional loss across a wide range of engine speeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Ethanol Fuel-Diluted Lubricants on the Friction of Oil Control Ring Conjunction: A Combined Analytical and Experimental Investigation

Morris,

Byrne,

Forder

et al. 2024

Lubricants

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This paper presents an investigation of the frictional behaviour of three-piece piston oil control rings. A bespoke tribometer replicates the kinematics of the contact between a full oil control ring and the cylinder liner. The three-piece oil control ring is composed of two segments, separated by a waveform-type expander. The experimental results indicate the dominance of a mixed regime of lubrication throughout the stroke. This is particularly the case when the experiments are conducted at 80 °C, a typical engine sump temperature, when compared with those at 20 °C (a typical engine start-up temperature in the UK in the summer). A mixed hydrodynamic analytical model of the oil control ring–cylinder liner tribological interface is employed to apportion frictional contributions with their physical underlying mechanisms. Therefore, combined numerical and experimental investigations are extended to lubricant contamination/dilution by ethanol-based fuels. This study shows that the transition from E10 to E85 would have an insignificant effect on the friction generated in the oil control ring conjunction. This holistic approach, using a detailed predictive l mixed regime of lubrication model and a representative bespoke tribometry, has not hitherto been reported in the open literature.

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“…In a similar fashion oil control ring groove wear geometry and rail face wear has been shown by 16 to significant effect oil transport through the rail liner interface. More recently 18 highlighted the importance of oil control ring twist and third land pressure to improve top segment scrapping during in the up stroke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental investigation of low viscosity lubricants on three piece oil control rings cylinder liner friction

Forder

Morris

King

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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Reducing energy use and improving engine efficiency is a complex task however to date a continued reduction of lubricant viscosity has proved effective. Reducing viscosity decreases hydrodynamic friction and pumping losses however it can also exacerbate boundary friction losses. Detailed and representative component level experimentation is required to understand the effects of viscosity reduction on friction and opportunity for further optimisation. This paper presents a novel motored reciprocating Tribometer which has been developed to measure the friction between complete cylinder liners and three-piece oil control rings. The system holds individual or multiple rings stationary in a bespoke ring holder and reciprocate the cylinder liner thereby replicates the relative kinematics of the components in service. The new design has many operational advantages to identify and benchmark the individual contribution of oil control ring friction including near total isolation of oil ring-cylinder liner bore conjunction, pure rectilinear motion and use of full components without resorting to split liner/ring geometries. The experimental rig is used to measure friction at the three-piece oil control ring- cylinder liner conjunction when lubricated with two low viscosity lubricants. The results show prevalence of mixed regime lubrication across the speeds, temperatures and lubricants investigated. The oil control ring under investigation is shown to operate in mixed regime lubrication and at cold start the introduction of lower viscosity lubricants such as 0W-8 showed higher level of oil control ring-cylinder liner friction in comparison to the 0W-40. The information and experimental facility are of critical use for engine designers when considering the potential contradictory component efficiency behaviour when moving to ultra-low viscosity lubricants.

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Modeling the Three Piece Oil Control Ring Dynamics and Oil Transport in Internal Combustion Engines

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Hybrid digital twin for conditional lubricant oil transport simulation and oil consumption prediction in internal combustion engines

Hybrid digital twin for conditional lubricant oil transport simulation and oil consumption prediction in internal combustion engines

The Effect of Ethanol Fuel-Diluted Lubricants on the Friction of Oil Control Ring Conjunction: A Combined Analytical and Experimental Investigation

An experimental investigation of low viscosity lubricants on three piece oil control rings cylinder liner friction

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