Abstract:The performance of trajectory-based tasks is modeled by the steering law, which predicts the required time from the index of difficulty (ID). This paper focuses on the fact that the time required to pass through a straight path with linearly-varying width alters depending on the direction of the movement. In this study, an expression for the relationship between the ID of narrowing and widening paths has been developed. This expression can be used to predict the movement time needed to pass through in the oppo… Show more
“…Tu investigated the difference in stroke gestures between the finger and the pen [17]. Cutting behavior using scissors was modeled in [18]. Yamanaka modeled the cutting behavior by scissors [19].…”
To improve the cutting skills of learners, we developed a method for improving the skill involved in creating paper cuttings based on a steering task in the field of human-computer interaction. TaWe made patterns using the white and black boundaries that make up a picture. The index of difficulty (ID) is a numerical value based on the width and distance of the steering law. First, we evaluated novice and expert pattern-cutters, and measured their moving time (MT), error rate, and compliance with the steering law, confirming that the MT and error rate are affected by pattern width and distance. Moreover, we quantified the skills of novices and experts using ID and MT based models. We then observed changes in the cutting skills of novices who practiced with various widths and evaluated the impact of the difficulty level on skill improvement. Patterns considered to be moderately difficult for novices led to a significant improvement in skills.
“…Tu investigated the difference in stroke gestures between the finger and the pen [17]. Cutting behavior using scissors was modeled in [18]. Yamanaka modeled the cutting behavior by scissors [19].…”
To improve the cutting skills of learners, we developed a method for improving the skill involved in creating paper cuttings based on a steering task in the field of human-computer interaction. TaWe made patterns using the white and black boundaries that make up a picture. The index of difficulty (ID) is a numerical value based on the width and distance of the steering law. First, we evaluated novice and expert pattern-cutters, and measured their moving time (MT), error rate, and compliance with the steering law, confirming that the MT and error rate are affected by pattern width and distance. Moreover, we quantified the skills of novices and experts using ID and MT based models. We then observed changes in the cutting skills of novices who practiced with various widths and evaluated the impact of the difficulty level on skill improvement. Patterns considered to be moderately difficult for novices led to a significant improvement in skills.
“…Curves have many deformations according to the curvature, and [10] researchers have investigated the Steering law that adapts to them. Additionally, shape-based differences have been investigated [16,13]. [14] modeled the cutting behavior by scissors.…”
Section: Related Workmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Participants were instructed to perform the required operation as quickly and accurately as possible. We referred to the measurement method that many researchers have used for the series of processes and system instructions [2,13].…”
Section: System For Measuring Skill Levelmentioning
In this paper, we aim to measure the cutting skill for creative paper cutting and increase practice effect. The practice effect changes according to the difficulty level of the cutting pattern and the skill level of the user. The cutting pattern of the picture consists of a straight line and a curved line, and we generalized the index of difficulty (ID) based on Steering law. One of cutting skills that shows the difference between novices and experts is time to cut. Besides, we developed a system consisting of a drawing display and a stylus with a knife to measured the cutting movement times (MT). The system measures MT according to the ID of the cutting pattern. We confirmed skill improvements by measuring changes in MT with various patterns. Additionally, we measured the reduction rate of MT to investigate the effectiveness of practice with various IDs. As a result, we confirmed the difference in practice efficacy according to each IDs.
“…Equation 2 was derived as the integral of infinitesimal constant-width tunnels. However, Yamanaka and Miyashita indicated that the ID for the opposite direction could be calculated using the same formula of Equation 2 [24]. Because the actual MTNT was greater than MTWT, they proposed a corrected model that expresses the ID difference, IDGap, between narrowing and widening straight tunnels:…”
Section: Steering Lawmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this study, using a direct-input stylus, we discuss the scale effects in the steering time difference between narrowing and widening linear tunnels. Quite recently, Yamanaka and Miyashita found that MT for a narrowing tunnel (MTNT) is significantly greater than MT for a widening tunnel (MTWT), and they derived a difficulty difference model called IDGap [24]. The validity of this model was confirmed by an experiment using tunnels of amplitude A between 61.2 and 122.4 mm and width W between 2.2 and 10.4 mm requiring primarily wrist movements with a particular level of forearm extension.…”
Steering time differs between narrowing and widening linear tunnels; a narrowing tunnel requires more time to navigate than a widening one. A prediction model, IDGap, for the time difference has recently been proposed, and it shows an excellent fit. However, the time difference in movement and model fitness were confirmed on a limited scale. The experiment used a 13.3-inch pen tablet, which required primarily wrist movements with a particular level of forearm extension. In this study, we tested the scale effects in the steering time difference between the two tunnel types. In our experiment, participants performed steering operations at five scales, from the entire 21.5-inch tablet area to its 1/12-scale size. The results always showed the time difference, and the conventional steering law did not show a good fit. IDGap improved the fitness, thereby confirming the validity of the model. The scale effects for the other results, including error rates and index of performance, are also discussed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.