Modeling the Performance of Hypersonic Boost-Glide Missiles

Tracy, Cameron L.; Wright, D. C. H.

doi:10.1080/08929882.2020.1864945

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…43 HGVs have a strong radiation signature in the MWIR spectrum during their glide phase. 2,4,5,44 Although this signature is comparatively strong due to their high surface temperature, the detection of these vehicles presents unique challenges. On the contrary, considering the typical use-cases for object detection and tracking applications from satellite imagery, certain favourable conditions can be identified.…”

Section: Infrared Data Pipelinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, extensive developments in the military field have led to the emergence of the so-called Hypersonic Glide Vehicle (HGV). 2,3 Due to their special characteristics such as high speed, small size and the absence of an exhaust plume, HGVs pose new challenges for ground-and space-based early warning systems. A promising approach to detect such objects is the space-based sensing of their characteristic thermal radiation, which is emitted from their aerothermodynamically heated surface while gliding through the Earth's atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A promising approach to detect such objects is the space-based sensing of their characteristic thermal radiation, which is emitted from their aerothermodynamically heated surface while gliding through the Earth's atmosphere. 2,4,5 The characteristics of HGVs, as described above, make it necessary to implement real-time tracking to increase the duration of visibility. This, in turn, will improve the reliability of the results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Data pipeline of a multi-spectral satellite experiment for object detection and artificial intelligence-based processing

Müller,

Swami,

Haser

et al. 2023

Automatic Target Recognition XXXIII

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Recent developments in the military domain introduce the need to detect and track hypersonic glide vehicles in Earth's atmosphere.The Multispectral Object Sensing by Artificial Intelligence-processed Cameras (MOSAIC) experiment is part of the small-satellite ATHENE-1 of the Universität der Bundeswehr München. The primary scientific objective of MOSAIC is to demonstrate reliable detection, identification a nd t racking o f h ypersonic g lide v ehicles using primarily a cooled infrared camera and complementary a visual camera. To cope with a large amount of data from both high-resolution cameras in real-time, state-of-the-art computer vision on-board processing methods are used for detection and tracking. The secondary scientific objective is to investigate the efficiency and reliability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based image processing algorithms and data compression for space a pplications. This is of particular importance given the high volumes and rates of data. The application of such algorithms requires a reliable and resource-efficient On -Board Co mputer (O BC) th at ca n wi thstand th e ha rsh sp ace environment. The approach outlined in this paper envisions a dedicated OBC to manage the AI-based experiments of the satellite, called the Artificial Intelligence capable On-Board Computer ( AI-OBC). The AI-OBC includes multiple hardware-based AI accelerators to meet the computational requirements and ensure real-time processing for object detection and tracking. This paper describes the structure of the data processing pipeline and includes the AI-OBC architecture with its connections to both the cameras and the platform's OBC. Further, the study discusses the training and validation steps of the intended use-cases.

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Section: Infrared Data Pipelinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Data pipeline of a multi-spectral satellite experiment for object detection and artificial intelligence-based processing

Müller,

Swami,

Haser

et al. 2023

Automatic Target Recognition XXXIII

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“…Our previous paper uses simplified equations of motion (Equations ( 1) -( 6) in that article) that are appropriate for the quantities we calculated. 81 In the corresponding coordinate system, Ψ and  are the down-range and cross-range angles, with distances measured along great circles so that Ψre is the range and re is the cross-range distance. 82 The advantage of these coordinates for our calculation is that the velocity angle  has a simple physical interpretation as the direction of motion relative to the down-range direction.…”

Section: Appendix B: Coordinate System Used In Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypersonic Missile Proliferation: An Emerging European Problem

Wright¹

2022

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The supposed benefits of hypersonic missile technology and the reconsideration of the European security landscape following Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine may act as a catalyst for multiple European states to acquire or develop high-speed systems. Although these systems are currently challenging to develop, trends in other missile technology point towards a gradual diffusion of explicit and tacit knowledge that ultimately lowers production costs, resulting in greater affordability and accessibility. Coupled with inefficient non-proliferation barriers and the gradual erosion of the cold war arms control architecture, it is likely that these systems will be fielded by several European countries in the next 10 to 15 years. Reflecting this projection, this paper considers in detail various European hypersonic missile programmes and explains the applications of these systems and their possible implications for European stability, including existing technical and policy barriers that impede proliferation. In unravelling these, the paper proposes how policymakers can strengthen these mechanisms, achieve deterrence without undermining stability and better manage this emerging security issue.

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“…Detecting the launch of an HGV is already within some governments' capability, but the near-space trajectories of HGVs combined with their superior manoeuvrability enable HGVs to evade existing space and terrestrial sensors designed to track ballistic missiles (Sherman, 2022); see Figure 1. HGVs however emit strong thermal radiation in the infrared (IR) spectrum when hypersonic gliding raises their surface temperature to several thousand Kelvins (Tracy and Wright, 2020). Thus space-borne and persistent electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) sensing is widely recognised as the alternative to ground-based radars for HGV detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting and tracking hypersonic glide vehicles: A cybersecurity-engineering analysis of academic literature

Law

Gliponeo

Singh

et al. 2023

iccws

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Hypersonic vehicles are vehicles travelling faster than Mach 5 (five times the speed of sound). Hypersonic technologies have existed since the end of the 1950s, but recent developments of defence applications have led to their resurgence. Hypersonic weapons can be hypersonic (powered) cruise missiles or hypersonic glide vehicles (HGVs). The near-space trajectories of HGV, combined with their superior manoeuvrability, enable HGVs to evade existing space and terrestrial sensors used to track ballistic missiles, posing an immediate threat to today’s radar networks and making HGVs well-suited for intercontinental (> 5500 km) targets. Securing HGV detection and tracking systems is of great interest to at-risk nations and cybersecurity researchers alike. However, like hypersonic flight technologies, HGV defence technologies are heavily guarded secrets. The shortage of public-domain information did not stop academia from proposing various detection and tracking schemes, but a reasonable question is: “How credible and useful is current public-domain information, including academic publications, on HGV detection and tracking for academic researchers to base their cybersecurity research on?” To answer this question, we scanned and critically reviewed public-domain literature on HGV detection and tracking. We then identified ambiguities and knowledge gaps in the literature. In this paper, we provide a concise version of our multivocal literature review and an analysis of the identified ambiguities and knowledge gaps in our attempt to answer our earlier question.

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Modeling the Performance of Hypersonic Boost-Glide Missiles

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Data pipeline of a multi-spectral satellite experiment for object detection and artificial intelligence-based processing

Data pipeline of a multi-spectral satellite experiment for object detection and artificial intelligence-based processing

Hypersonic Missile Proliferation: An Emerging European Problem

Detecting and tracking hypersonic glide vehicles: A cybersecurity-engineering analysis of academic literature

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