Modeling the life cycle of four types of phytoplankton and their bloom mechanisms in a benthic-pelagic coupled ecosystem

Stationary Probability Density Analysis for the Randomly Forced Phytoplankton–Zooplankton Model with Correlated Colored Noises

“…However, unfortunately, the rapid and sustained growth of phytoplankton biomass can alter energy flows and disrupt the normal functioning of marine ecosystem [7]. Especially in the stage of algal bloom demise, the decomposition process after the death of high concentration algae can absorb a large amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, resulting in the death of marine organisms asphyxiation, which in turn affects the water quality, tourism, and fishery resources [8,9].…”