Modeling the Interface Between a Respirator and the Human Face.

Piccione, Dino; Moyer, Eric

doi:10.21236/ada325547

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Comfort is another important characteristic associated with respirators that many researchers have investigated ( [4], [10][11][12][13], [17]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are three components in Bitterman's work: computer interface program development; finite element modeling; and finite element analysis. Piccione et al [13] developed the graphical and mathematical models of the M40 protective mask and the human face, and determined the interrelationship between the protective mask and face when the mask is worn. This study involved the use of a discomfort model, finite element analysis, laser scanning, and computer-aided design tools to perform the protective mask design task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulating the Interaction between a Respirator and a Headform Using LS-DYNA

Yang¹,

Dai²,

Zhuang³

2009

Computer-Aided Design and Applications

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Respirator use is an integral part of occupational safety and health practice. The challenge is to design respirators with the best fit and highest comfort level for all workers of diverse anthropometry. This paper presents a method to simulate the interaction between a respirator and a headform, and solutions for the universal design of respirators. Three-dimensional digital headforms and respirators are obtained using reverse engineering techniques. The commercial software, LS-DYNA, is used to model and simulate the interaction between a respirator and headform to determine the key factors that affect respirator fit and comfort. Both the respirator and headform are modeled as shell elements and are deformable. The results show that strap forces play an important role in pressure distribution on the face.

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“…Comfort is another important characteristic associated with respirators that many researchers have investigated ( [4], [10][11][12][13], [17]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the Interaction between a Respirator and a Headform Using LS-DYNA

Yang¹,

Dai²,

Zhuang³

2009

Computer-Aided Design and Applications

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“…The Army is already embarking on efforts to develop such models (Kasbekar & Heater, 1996;Piccione & Moyer, 1997;Shams, Zhao, Fullerton, Rangaraj an, & Cohen, 1997), but much of the empirical data such as seal pressure and head harness strap tightness have not been collected, and the relationship of seal comfort to pressure and FF has not yet been defined. Consequently, this research represented a critical first step in the development of technology to achieve these longterm research goals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Related to both seal contact and pressure is mask seal comfort. In the past, overall mask comfort has been evaluated subjectively and included aspects of comfort such as breathing resistance, thermal load, facial sweating, seal and head harness pressure, nosecup and chincup pressure, and feelings of anxiety (Harrah & Caretti, 1997;Piccione & Moyer, 1997;Harrah, 1994;Harrah, 1996;Lu, 1995;Mitchell et al, 1986;Barnes et al, 1983;Decker & Piccione, 1982;Burgess, Hinds, & Snook, 1970;Snook, Hinds, & Burgess, 1966). This new capability to evaluate pressure distributions can be used to determine the relationship between seal pressure and seal comfort, and then required seal pressure profiles to meet both protection and seal comfort criteria can be established.…”

Section: Future Research Effortsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of Protective Mask Seal Pressure to Fit Factor and Head Harness Strap Stretch

Cohen¹

1999

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at Baltimore (UMAB), for his interest in and willingness to guide and support her research efforts. She would also like to thank David Harrah, Human Research and Engineering Directorate (HRED) of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL), for his expert guidance in the use and study of protective masks, as well as for an extensive review of her manuscript. The author would like to thank many others who provided assistance along the way: Ronald Carty, ARL, for his skilled preparation of photos and illustrations; Vince Novak, of UMAB, for his guidance in evaluating behavior of head harness straps; Chris Karwacki, of the Edgewood Research, Development, and Engineering Center (ERDECI), in the use of the breathing simulator; Corey Grove, David Caretti, William Fritch, all of ERDEC, and Anand Kasbekar, Ph.D., of Visual Sciences, Inc., for reviewing protocols and supporting this project; the Simulation Systems Branch, HRED, ARL, for constructing test fixtures and repairing equipment; and the ERDEC mask prototyping shop for supplying the equipment and materials necessary for this effort.

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“…Since the model of the pilot's face was simplified as a rigid surface, the face had contact forces without deformation. Piccione et al [6] modeled the interface between an elastomeric respirator and the human face by applying a FE analysis tool, DYNA3d, which was an explicit 3D code (an old version of LS-DYNA). A solid element model of the human face was created by giving the surface of the scanned human face a thickness.…”

Section: Contact Pressure Study Of N95 Filtering Face-piece Respiratomentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Pressure Study of N95 Filtering Face-piece Respirators Using Finite Element Method

Lei

Yang

Zhuang

2010

Computer-Aided Design and Applications

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Respirators protect workers from hazardous airborne particles. It is important to evaluate respirator comfort and fit for all workers of diverse anthropometry as contact pressure plays a vital role. This paper presents the procedure and results of studying contact pressure of N95 filtering face-piece respirators (FFR) by using a finite element method. Finite element models of respirators and headforms have been improved based on a previous study. The headform model contains a skin layer, muscle layer, and bone layer. The whole facial area is divided into four parts (two areas for cheeks, one area for upper forehead, and one area for chin). Two N95 FFR models (one is onesize-fits-all and the other FFR has two sizes, i.e., small and medium/large) are used to simulate the interaction between the respirator and the headform. The results show that the respirator with two sizes provides better contact pressure distribution than the one-size-fits-all respirator. It has also been shown that the one-size-fits-all respirator works well for the large, medium, and short/wide headforms, but there are indications of potential leakages for the small and long/narrow headforms. For the respirator with two sizes, the medium/large size respirator works well for the large and long/narrow headforms, while the small size respirator works well for the medium, small, and short/wide headforms. The medium/large size respirator has potential leakages for the medium headform. Furthermore, the N95 FFR with two sizes has a more uniform pressure distribution than the one-size-fits-all respirator. Future studies are needed to validate these observations with human subjects.

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Modeling the Interface Between a Respirator and the Human Face.

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Simulating the Interaction between a Respirator and a Headform Using LS-DYNA

Simulating the Interaction between a Respirator and a Headform Using LS-DYNA

Relationship of Protective Mask Seal Pressure to Fit Factor and Head Harness Strap Stretch

Contact Pressure Study of N95 Filtering Face-piece Respirators Using Finite Element Method

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