Modeling the erosion of cohesive clay coasts

Trenhaile, Alan S.

doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2008.07.001

Cited by 89 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…[48] The present model is a development of the model proposed by van de Koppel et al [2005]. Our model does not produce the self-organized cycle of scarp erosion episodes which are present in the van de Koppel et al [2005] model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salt marshes are increasingly threatened by sea level rise, variations in storm activity, and land use. The extension of marshes in shallow coastlines is controlled by the repartition of sediments between tidal flats and marsh platform, and by the dynamics of the marsh boundary [van de Koppel et al, 2005]. As a results salt marshes coevolve with tidal flats in the intertidal area , and only a holistic approach encompassing the two landforms as well as the feedbacks between morphodynamics and ecology can determine the future trajectory of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marsh elevation [Morris et al, 2002], as well as wave exposure [van de Koppel et al, 2005], influence vegetation growth. Plants regulate sediment erodibility and trapping [Le Hir et al, 2007], organogenic production [Blum and Christian, 2004], and wave dissipation [Möller, 2006].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A numerical model for the coupled long‐term evolution of salt marshes and tidal flats

2010

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[1] A one-dimensional numerical model for the coupled long-term evolution of salt marshes and tidal flats is presented. The model framework includes tidal currents, wind waves, sediment erosion, and deposition, as well as the effect of vegetation on sediment dynamics. The model is used to explore the evolution of the marsh boundary under different scenarios of sediment supply and sea level rise. Numerical results show that vegetation determines the rate of marsh progradation and regression and plays a critical role in the redistribution of sediments within the intertidal area. Simulations indicate that the scarp between salt marsh and tidal flat is a distinctive feature of marsh retreat. For a given sediment supply the marsh can prograde or erode as a function of sea level rise. A low rate of sea level rise reduces the depth of the tidal flat increasing wave dissipation. Sediment deposition is thus favored, and the marsh boundary progrades. A high rate of sea level rise leads to a deeper tidal flat and therefore higher waves that erode the marsh boundary, leading to erosion. When the rate of sea level rise is too high the entire marsh drowns and is transformed into a tidal flat.Citation: Mariotti, G., and S. Fagherazzi (2010), A numerical model for the coupled long-term evolution of salt marshes and tidal flats,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A numerical model for the coupled long‐term evolution of salt marshes and tidal flats

2010

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“…Assessment of the potential for, and impacts of, wave quarrying and abrasion (or corrosion) on rock coast development has received very limited attention from geomorphologists. Understanding wave dynamics on platforms and the delivery of energy to the cliff toe lead to improved modeling of cliff failure and evolution (Naylor, Stephenson, and Trenhaile, 2009;Trenhaile, 2000Trenhaile, , 2009Young et al, 2009). Similarly, engineering models of cliff failure could inform geomorphic models of platform development (Naylor, Stephenson, and Trenhaile, 2009).…”

Section: Wave Energy and Cliff Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Wave Action and Lithology on Sea Cliff Mass Movements in Central Algarve Coast, Portugal

Bezerra¹,

Moura²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2011

Journal of Coastal Research

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The vulnerability of a rocky cliff to direct wave attack is a function of its lithological, structural, and morphological characteristics. The intensity of wave attack at the cliff foot depends on incident wave characteristics, nearshore bathymetry, beach and shore platform topography, coastline orientation, storm surges, and tidal range. The main goal of this paper is to relate the role of wave action as a geomorphic process influencing coastal cliff erosion with the control imposed by lithological and structural characteristics. For that purpose, a numerical wave propagation model (STWAVE) was used to evaluate differences in breaking wave height and energy along the study area (Galé-Olhos de Á gua, South Portugal) for a set of representative wave conditions and compared with existing mass movement data. As the study area presents wide longshore variation in wave exposition and breaking wave energies, five sectors were defined with contrasting wave action. When the distribution of mass movements along the coast is analyzed without considering the lithological variation, there is no relationship between the number and displaced volumes of mass movements and wave energy for each sector, with the majority of the movements and the greater volumes occurring in the least energetic sector. Therefore, lithology represents the dominant control on mass movement occurrence. However, if lithological variation is controlled by analyzing only the most common lithology in the study area (Miocene carbonate rocks), spatial variations in nearshore wave energy driven by the interaction of wave conditions with coastline orientation are found to influence mass movement occurrence.www.JCRonline.org ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS: Wave energy, rocky coasts, wave modeling, rock lithology, volume displaced, erosion, south Portuguese coast.

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“…In areas with relatively narrow continental shelves (more generally, in regions where the wind surge remains moderate) wave set-up can be an even larger contributor to extreme water levels during major storms (Dean and Bender, 2006). A natural reflection of this situation is the trend to include the analysis of the potential of wave set-up into various methods of the mapping of flood hazards for low-lying coastal regions (see Cariolet and Suanez, 2009;Harper et al, 2009;Jain et al, 2010a, b; among many others), especially in the context of potential changes in climate (McInnes et al, 2009) and for the purposes of estimates of the erosion of higher parts of the beach (Trenhaile, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping wave set-up near a complex geometric urban coastline

Soomere

Pindsoo

Bishop

et al. 2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Wave induced set-up is a process that leads to increased water levels in coastal regions. When coupled with storm conditions, wave set-up -or, for brevity, set-up -can significantly increase the risk of flooding or structural damage and therefore is of particular importance when considering coastal management or issues related to the planning of nearshore infrastructures. Here, we investigate the effects of set-up in the coastal region of the Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea, close to Tallinn, Estonia, although the results will have wider relevance for many other areas. Due to a lack of continuous wave data we employ modelling to provide input data using a calculation scheme based on a high-resolution (470 m) spectral wave model WAM to replicate spatial patterns of wave properties based on high-quality, instrumentmeasured wind data from the neighbourhood of the study site. The results indicate that for the specific geometry of coastline under consideration, there is a variation in set-up which is strongly affected by wind direction. The maximum set-up values are up to 70-80 cm in selected locations. This is more than 50 % of the all-time maximum water level and thus may serve as a substantial source of marine hazard for several low-lying regions around the city. Wind directions during storms have changed in recent years and, with climate variability potentially increasing, these results will encourage further tests which may be used in a policy setting regarding defences or other structures in and around coastlines. In particular, with urban development now taking place in many coastal regions (including the one within this study) these results have implications for local planners. They may also be incorporated into new storm warning systems.

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Modeling the erosion of cohesive clay coasts

Cited by 89 publications

References 42 publications

A numerical model for the coupled long‐term evolution of salt marshes and tidal flats

A numerical model for the coupled long‐term evolution of salt marshes and tidal flats

Influence of Wave Action and Lithology on Sea Cliff Mass Movements in Central Algarve Coast, Portugal

Mapping wave set-up near a complex geometric urban coastline

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