Modeling the environmental impacts of urban land use and land cover change—a study in Merseyside, UK

Pauleit, Stephan; Ennos, Roland; Golding, Yvonne

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.03.009

Cited by 194 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The most important foraging habitat for urban foxes both pre-and post-mange was back gardens ( Newman et al 2003); during the course of this study, back gardens have shown a relatively small loss of area (e.g. 0.3%; Pauleit et al 2005) and little conversion of 'conventional' gardens (sensu Hessayon & Hessayon 1973) to other habitats such as boarded decking, i.e. terraces made from wooden boards (4.9%; Smith et al 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Specifically, the results of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that climatic variation at the onset of nutritional independence significantly affected the availability of easy-to-catch prey items, which, in turn, affected the growth and the subsequent full-grown size and mass of individual foxes. This effect was not due to habitat changes, since the key foraging habitat for foxes, back gardens (Saunders et al 1997;Newman et al 2003), has shown little pattern of change in cover or usage (Pauleit et al 2005;Smith et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental variation at the onset of independent foraging affects full-grown body mass in the red fox

2008

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The period following the withdrawal of parental care has been highlighted as a key developmental period for juveniles. One reason for this is that juveniles cannot forage as competently as adults, potentially placing them at greater risk from environmentally-induced changes in food availability. However, no study has examined this topic. Using a long-term dataset on red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), we examined (i) dietary changes that occurred in the one-month period following the attainment of nutritional independence, (ii) diet composition in relation to climatic variation, and (iii) the effect of climatic variation on subsequent full-grown mass. Diet at nutritional independence contained increased quantities of easy-to-catch food items (earthworms and insects) when compared with pre-independence. Interannual variation in the volume of rainfall at nutritional independence was positively correlated to the proportion of earthworms in cub diet. Pre-independence cub mass and rainfall immediately following nutritional independence explained a significant proportion of variance in full-grown mass, with environmental variation affecting full-grown mass of the entire cohorts. Thus, weather-mediated availability of easyto-catch food items at a key developmental stage has lifelong implications for the development of juvenile foxes by affecting full-grown mass, which in turn appears to be an important component of individual reproductive potential.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental variation at the onset of independent foraging affects full-grown body mass in the red fox

2008

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“…Measuring surface sealing is an important issue when studying flood control and urban hydrology (Jennings and Jarnagin, 2002;Jennings et al, 2004). It is no surprise that the evolution of sprawl and semi-urban areas is narrowly followed by hydrologists (Gillies et al, 2003;Hall, 1989;Hoggan, 1989;Pauleit et al, 2005;Shaw, 1988;Zheng and Baetz, 1999).…”

Section: Environmental Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-Urban Areas in Landscape Research: A Review

Meeus¹,

Gulinck²

2008

Living Rev. Landscape Res.

131

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Urbanization is a well-known topic in sustainable development debates as it is known to have great impacts on landscape and environment. Low density, apparently random, scattered or fragmented and leap frogging forms of urban land use, not classified as core urban fabric (town, city, . . . ) nor classified as real 'countryside' are studied in this paper. With a thorough literature study of more than 200 publications, a number of interesting conclusions about this important environmental and socio-economical phenomenon can be made. At first, it is generally described as either a type of land use or land use dynamic functioning as 'divide' between city and countryside (the urban fringe theory), or it is very often described as the dynamic and fast transformation of rural land into urban land (the sprawl approach). In some cases it forms its own 'landscape' and it is called the peri-urban or more correctly semi-urban area. Generally, there seems to be a lack of good definitions and frameworks, although it is studied often and in various scientific disciplines. Prominently, there is an always present dichotomy between rural and urban in all concepts, theories and definitions proposed.

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“…Nowadays, this issue is becoming increasingly important as urban development is focused on the expansion of the territory or increasing the density of the existing buildings, which leads to greater sealing of the surface area [1,2]. Rainwater from areas in which previously soaked into the ground is now collected and transported to inlets in the streets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of The Hydraulic System of The Storage Reservoir Hydraulically Unloading The Sewage Network

Stec

Słyś

2014

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Sewage networks together with cooperating objects are among the most capital-intensive investments, which are made within the framework of construction and development of technical infrastructure of the cities. Nowadays this issue becomes more and more important, as the development of the cities is directed at increasing territorial scope or concentration of urban areas, what causes the increase of sealing degree of cities. It influences the intensification of rainwater runoff to the sewage systems, which often do not have adequate flow capacity for discharging excess of wastewater. During intensive precipitation periods hydraulic overloads may occur, which very often result in waterlogging of the city and buildings as well as road traffic congestions. These increasing problems may be reduced by applying storage reservoirs. The main problem in designing retention reservoirs, which due to the high capacities require substantial expenditures, is the selection of their optimal hydraulic system. Very often for such a choice a number of contradictory criteria should be taken into account. Among the most important are: expenditures incurred for investment, costs of maintenance and exploitation of reservoir, upkeep expenses, technical possibilities of applying various storage reservoirs solutions and their hydraulic influence on sewerage systems and receiving waters. In the article the problem of optimization of storage reservoir Czuwaj located within combined sewage network of Zasanie quarter in Przemyśl city was solved. Due to the fact that left-bank part of the city experiences higher hydraulic overloads of sewage network some actions were taken in order to decrease frequency of these negative phenomena. Concept of sewage system extension and modernization was worked out. It includes the use of storage reservoirs within the network (such as Czuwaj reservoir), which relieve hydraulically the sewage network. In order to choose the optimal hydraulic system of Czuwaj storage reservoir optimization models of chosen gravity-pump reservoirs were developed. The lowest costs (Life Cycle Cost) of storage reservoir construction and functioning constituted the criterion for choosing the hydraulic system of Czuwaj reservoir.

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Modeling the environmental impacts of urban land use and land cover change—a study in Merseyside, UK

Cited by 194 publications

References 35 publications

Environmental variation at the onset of independent foraging affects full-grown body mass in the red fox

Environmental variation at the onset of independent foraging affects full-grown body mass in the red fox

Semi-Urban Areas in Landscape Research: A Review

Optimization of The Hydraulic System of The Storage Reservoir Hydraulically Unloading The Sewage Network

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