Modeling the Effects of Turbulence on Hyporheic Exchange and Local‐to‐Global Nutrient Processing in Streams

Grant, Stanley B.; Chen, Xingyuan; Ghisalberti, Marco

doi:10.1029/2018wr023078

Cited by 41 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Thus, investigation of the macroinvertebrate community response to aquatic ecosystems has been a hotspot [4]. The hyporheic zone (HZ), which is the volume of riverbed sediments where surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW) are mixing [5,6], is a storage zone in river ecosystems for transported and released solutes [1,7,8]. Many ecological processes are related to hyporheic exchange, because this affects the substrate properties and water quality and produces physicochemical gradients to which macroinvertebrates are sensitive [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hyporheic Exchange on Macroinvertebrate Community in the Weihe River Basin, China

Lin

Song

Gualtieri

et al. 2020

Water

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The effect of hyporheic exchange on macroinvertebrates is a significant topic in ecohydraulics. A field study was conducted during May and June 2017 to investigate the impacts of magnitude and patterns of hyporheic exchange on the sediment macroinvertebrate community in the Weihe River basin. The results demonstrate that upwelling flows cause resuspension of riverbed sediment, increasing the proportion of swimmer groups (such as Baetidae) in the macroinvertebrate community. However, large resuspension of river bed sediment results in a reduced abundance of macroinvertebrates. By controlling the transport processes of dissolved oxygen (DO), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nutrients, temperature, and different patterns of hyporheic exchange strongly influence the structure of macroinvertebrate communities. Downwelling is more likely to produce rich invertebrate communities than upwelling. The magnitude for the hyporheic flux of 150-200 mm/d was optimal for the macroinvertebrate community in the Weihe River Basin. Above or below this rate results in a decline in community abundance and diversity. We suggest that research is conducted to better understand the effects of hyporheic exchange across bedforms on macroinvertebrate communities. The study supports any activities to preserve the ecological functions and health of rivers dominated by fine-grained sediments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hyporheic Exchange on Macroinvertebrate Community in the Weihe River Basin, China

Lin

Song

Gualtieri

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Interfacial momentum coupling modifies the flow structure across the surface-subsurface continuum by increasing subsurface velocities and amplifying turbulent shear and vertical stresses near the SWI (Voermans et al, 2017). The resulting interfacial exchange rates can increase by orders of magnitude beyond advective pumping (Grant, Gomez-Velez, & Ghisalberti, 2018;O'Connor & Harvey, 2008). Turbulent energy diminishes exponentially with depth in the streambed, typically limiting the thickness of the turbulent interfacial layer to the order of several grain diameters (Breugem et al, 2006;Manes et al, 2009;Vollmer et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Turbulent Hyporheic Mixing on Reach‐Scale Transport

Roche

Bolster

et al. 2019

Water Resources Research

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Turbulence causes rapid mixing of solutes and fine particles between open channel flow and coarse‐grained streambeds. Turbulent mixing is known to control hyporheic exchange fluxes and the distribution of vertical mixing rates in the streambed, but it is unclear how turbulent mixing ultimately influences mass transport at the reach scale. We used a particle‐tracking model to simulate local‐ and reach‐scale solute transport for a stream with coarse‐grained sediments. Simulations were first used to determine profiles of vertical mixing rates that best described solute concentration profiles measured within a coarse granular bed in flume experiments. These vertical mixing profiles were then used to simulate a pulse solute injection to show the effects of turbulent hyporheic exchange on reach‐scale solute transport. Experimentally measured concentrations were best described by simulations with a nonmonotonic mixing profile, with highest mixing at the sediment–water interface and exponential decay into the bed. Reach‐scale simulations show that this enhanced interfacial mixing couples in‐stream and hyporheic solute transport. Coupling produces an interval of exponential decay in breakthrough curves and delays the onset of power law tailing. High streamwise velocities in the hyporheic zone reduce mass recovery in the water column and cause breakthrough curves to exhibit steeper power law slopes than predictions from mobile‐immobile modeling theory. These results demonstrate that transport models must consider the spatial variability of streamwise velocity and vertical mixing for both the stream and the hyporheic zone, and new analytical theory is needed to describe reach‐scale transport when high streamwise velocities are present in the hyporheic zone.

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“…This parameterization is consistent with experimental results for turbulent flows over flat porous beds (Chandler et al, ), and with the exponential attenuation of the pumping‐induced seepage velocity in case of bed form induced hyporheic exchange (Bottacin‐Busolin & Marion, ; Elliott & Brooks, ). (Grant et al, ) used a depth‐invariant effective diffusivity to represent the vertical mass transfer across the stream‐water interface and found that, on average, the effective diffusivity for beds with bed forms and riffle‐pool sequences is about 3.5 times higher than that predicted for flat sediment beds. This can be regarded as a small increase in comparison to the six‐decade variability in the effective diffusivity associated with changes in the bed permeability and shear velocity (Grant et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Effect of Hyporheic Mixing on Stream Solute Transport

Bottacin‐Busolin

2019

Water Resources Research

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Mixing in the hyporheic zone plays a key role in controlling the fate and transport of contaminants in streams and rivers. Consistently with recent experimental and numerical results, a physically based one‐dimensional solute transport model is presented that represents hyporheic mixing as a diffusion process exponentially attenuated with depth. When vertical diffusion in the sediment bed is not limited by an impermeable boundary, the moments of the breakthrough curves (BTCs) generated by the model exhibit persistent non‐Fickian behavior and are shown to scale consistently with existing experimental evidence. The ability of the exponentially attenuated mixing model to represent experimental BTCs was tested using data from field and flume tracer experiments, and its performance was compared with that of a classic two‐storage zone model. While both models provided an equally good approximation for the BTCs observed in field tracer tests, the exponentially attenuated mixing model provided better fits for the flume experiments. Analysis of the model equations and their solutions shows that, if the flow cross‐sectional area and wetted perimeter are not predetermined, there are infinite sets of parameter values that produce the same space‐time concentration distributions. The result implies that the physical parameters of hyporheic exchange cannot be determined by sole measurements of the solute BTCs in the surface water unless flow cross‐sectional area and average flow depth can be independently estimated.

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Modeling the Effects of Turbulence on Hyporheic Exchange and Local‐to‐Global Nutrient Processing in Streams

Cited by 41 publications

References 57 publications

Effect of Hyporheic Exchange on Macroinvertebrate Community in the Weihe River Basin, China

Effect of Hyporheic Exchange on Macroinvertebrate Community in the Weihe River Basin, China

Effects of Turbulent Hyporheic Mixing on Reach‐Scale Transport

Modeling the Effect of Hyporheic Mixing on Stream Solute Transport

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