2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.compag.2020.105383
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Modeling the distribution of phosphine and insect mortality in cylindrical grain silos with Computational Fluid Dynamics: Validation with field trials

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Cited by 19 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…However, there are cases where phosphine is used for short intervals, as in the case of quarantine and pre-shipment treatments (QPS), in different export scenarios of fruits and vegetables 56 , 57 . Nevertheless, even in phosphine fumigations that are carried out in large structures, such as silos with grain bulks, the concentration of the gas changes dramatically over time, resulting in large areas to be partially treated, or even untreated 58 – 60 . In a recent study, Agrafioti et al 60 demonstrated that phosphine distribution within silos is rather uneven, and may leave large areas within the grain bulk that receives phosphine only for a short period of time, which may allow a part of the insect population to survive.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…However, there are cases where phosphine is used for short intervals, as in the case of quarantine and pre-shipment treatments (QPS), in different export scenarios of fruits and vegetables 56 , 57 . Nevertheless, even in phosphine fumigations that are carried out in large structures, such as silos with grain bulks, the concentration of the gas changes dramatically over time, resulting in large areas to be partially treated, or even untreated 58 – 60 . In a recent study, Agrafioti et al 60 demonstrated that phosphine distribution within silos is rather uneven, and may leave large areas within the grain bulk that receives phosphine only for a short period of time, which may allow a part of the insect population to survive.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nevertheless, even in phosphine fumigations that are carried out in large structures, such as silos with grain bulks, the concentration of the gas changes dramatically over time, resulting in large areas to be partially treated, or even untreated 58 – 60 . In a recent study, Agrafioti et al 60 demonstrated that phosphine distribution within silos is rather uneven, and may leave large areas within the grain bulk that receives phosphine only for a short period of time, which may allow a part of the insect population to survive. Therefore, in commercial applications, there are cases which insects are exposed for short periods, which may trigger the aforementioned phenomenon.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…1-5 ppm, ήταν άμεσα συγκρίσιμες με εκείνες των εγκεκριμένων προστατευτικών σπόρων, υποδηλώνοντας ότι η δραστική αυτή θα μπορούσε να αξιολογηθεί με μεγαλύτερη λεπτομέρεια προς την κατεύθυνση αυτή. (Hagstrum, 1989;Hagstrum et al, 1998;Athanassiou et al, 2003), αλλά υπάρχει σημαντική εποχική μετανάστευση μεταξύ των ζωνών, επηρεάζοντας δραστικά τις ιδιότητες των σιτηρών (Athanassiou and Buchelos, 2001, 2003, 2020. Σε μια αποθήκη επίπεδης αποθήκευσης, για παράδειγμα, η πλειονότητα των ειδών εντόμων βρέθηκαν στο μισό μέτρο (0.5 m) των κορυφαίων στρωμάτων της χύδην μάζας του δημητριακού (Athanassiou et al, 2003), και αυτός πιθανά να είναι και ο λόγος, που όταν τα εντομοκτόνα επαφής εφαρμόζονται στο ανώτερο στρώμα του όγκου των σιτηρών, είναι σε θέση να μειώσουν τους πληθυσμούς των εντόμων (Athanassiou et al 2009, Vassilakos and.…”
Section: θνησιμότητα ακμαίωνunclassified