Modeling the development of the stepped leader of a lightning discharge

Lightning search algorithm

“…The process is then repeated. The development is a stochastic growth process in which the probability of a step to grow in a certain direction is determined by the state of the medium and the projection of the local electric field in this direction [46,49].…”

“…Among the common displays of lightning, downward negative cloud-to-ground lightning flashes ( Fig. 1) are the most studied event in lightning research [46].…”

A novel approach for fuzzy logic PV inverter controller optimization using lightning search algorithm

“…Among the common displays of lightning, downward negative cloud lightning research [39]. The probabilistic nature and tortuous characteristics of lightning discharges originate from a thunderstorm.…”

Study on the Effectiveness of Single Lightning Rods by a Fractal Approach

“…In our simulation, E c for positive and negative leaders are 5 and 10kV/cm respectively [7,8]. E ch is chosen to be 17kV/m based on the data provided in Tables 2 and 3 of Ref.…”

“…Numerical model of lightning leader process based on fractal growth named dielectric breakdown model (DBM) has been developed and verified in Ref. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9], which present more realistic lightning channels. Nevertheless, though its potential for practical applications has been demonstrated in Ref.…”