Modeling the consequences of land plant evolution on silicate weathering

Ibarra, Daniel E.; Rugenstein, Jeremy K. Caves; Bachan, Aviv; Baresch, Andres; Lau, Kimberly V.; Thomas, Dana L.; Lee, Jung-Eun; Boyce, C. Kevin; Chamberlain, C. Page

doi:10.2475/01.2019.01

Cited by 59 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…The CO 2 nadir, which spans the Asselian and Sakmarian stages, coincides with renewed glaciation and maximum ice sheet extent, marking the apex of LPIA glaciation ( Fig. 2b; Fielding et al, 2008;Isbell et al, 2012;Montañez and Poulsen, 2013;Soreghan et al, 2019), as well as with a large-magnitude eustatic fall archived in paleotropical successions worldwide (Koch and Frank, 2011;Eros et al, 2012). Widespread glacial expansion temporally linked to this interval of lowest overall pCO 2 argues for CO 2 as the primary driver of glaciation rather than recently proposed mechanisms, such as the influence of the closing of the Precaspian Isthmus (Davydov, 2018) or a decrease in the radiative forcing resulting from increased atmospheric aerosols by explosive volcanism at this time (Soreghan et al, 2019).…”

Section: An Early Permian Co 2 Nadirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of temporally varying weatherability on CO<sub>2</sub>-climate coupling and ecosystem change in the late Paleozoic

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Earth's penultimate icehouse period, the late Paleozoic ice age (LPIA), was a time of dynamic glaciation and repeated ecosystem perturbation, which was under conditions of substantial variability in atmospheric pCO2 and O2. Improved constraints on the evolution of atmospheric pCO2 and O2∕CO2 ratios during the LPIA and its subsequent demise to permanent greenhouse conditions are crucial for better understanding the nature of linkages between atmospheric composition, climate, and ecosystem perturbation during this time. We present a new and age-recalibrated pCO2 reconstruction for a 40 Myr interval (∼313 to 273 Ma) of the late Paleozoic that (1) confirms a previously hypothesized strong CO2–glaciation linkage, (2) documents synchroneity between major pCO2 and O2∕CO2 changes and compositional turnovers in terrestrial and marine ecosystems, (3) lends support for a modeled progressive decrease in the CO2 threshold for initiation of continental ice sheets during the LPIA, and (4) indicates a likely role of CO2 and O2∕CO2 thresholds in floral ecologic turnovers. Modeling of the relative role of CO2 sinks and sources active during the LPIA and its demise on steady-state pCO2 using an intermediate-complexity climate–carbon cycle model (GEOCLIM) and comparison to the new multi-proxy CO2 record provides new insight into the relative influences of the uplift of the Central Pangean Mountains, intensifying aridification, and increasing mafic rock to granite rock ratio of outcropping rocks on the global efficiency of CO2 consumption and secular change in steady-state pCO2 through the late Paleozoic.

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Section: An Early Permian Co 2 Nadirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of temporally varying weatherability on CO<sub>2</sub>-climate coupling and ecosystem change in the late Paleozoic

et al. 2020

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“…They can take water up from depth, recycle water to depth for storage, or provide pathways in which water bypasses rather than infiltrates the shallow regolith (Fan et al, 2017). Deep roots aid nutrient transfer from the subsoil to shallow levels (Jobbágy and Jackson, 2004). (c) The third suite is canopies and roots converting precipitation into evapotranspiration (Drever and Zobrist, 1992).…”

Section: Concepts For Biota's Role In Setting Fluxes In the Geogenic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Do degree and rate of silicate weathering depend on plant productivity?

Oeser

Blanckenburg

2020

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Plants and their associated below-ground microbiota possess the tools for rock weathering. Yet the quantitative evaluation of the impact of these biogenic weathering drivers relative to abiogenic parameters, such as the supply of primary minerals, water, and acids, is an open question in Critical Zone research. Here we present a novel strategy to decipher the relative impact of these drivers. We quantified the degree and rate of weathering and compared these to nutrient uptake along the “EarthShape” transect in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. These sites define a major north–south gradient in precipitation and primary productivity but overlie granitoid rock throughout. We present a dataset of the chemistry of Critical Zone compartments (bedrock, regolith, soil, and vegetation) to quantify the relative loss of soluble elements (the “degree of weathering”) and the inventory of bioavailable elements. We use 87Sr∕86Sr isotope ratios to identify the sources of mineral nutrients to plants. With rates from cosmogenic nuclides and biomass growth we determined fluxes (“weathering rates”), meaning the rate of loss of elements out of the ecosystems, averaged over weathering timescales (millennia), and quantified mineral nutrient recycling between the bulk weathering zone and the bulk vegetation cover. We found that neither the degree of weathering nor the weathering rates increase systematically with precipitation from north to south along the climate and vegetation gradient. Instead, the increase in biomass nutrient demand is accommodated by faster nutrient recycling. In the absence of an increase in weathering rate despite a five-fold increase in precipitation and net primary productivity (NPP), we hypothesize that plant growth might in fact dampen weathering rates. Because plants are thought to be key players in the global silicate weathering–carbon feedback, this hypothesis merits further evaluation.

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“… 20 ), and finally the evolution of plants and colonization of terrestrial environments (e.g. 57 ). These events had a number of effects on weathering and geochemical cycles and may have triggered evolutionary innovations in the nitrogen cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria

Ward

Johnston

Shih

2021

Sci Rep

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The modern nitrogen cycle consists of a web of microbially mediated redox transformations. Among the most crucial reactions in this cycle is the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, an obligately aerobic process performed by a limited number of lineages of bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA). As this process has an absolute requirement for O2, the timing of its evolution—especially as it relates to the Great Oxygenation Event ~ 2.3 billion years ago—remains contested and is pivotal to our understanding of nutrient cycles. To estimate the antiquity of bacterial ammonia oxidation, we performed phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses of AOB. Surprisingly, bacterial ammonia oxidation appears quite young, with crown group clades having originated during Neoproterozoic time (or later) with major radiations occurring during Paleozoic time. These results place the evolution of AOB broadly coincident with the pervasive oxygenation of the deep ocean. The late evolution AOB challenges earlier interpretations of the ancient nitrogen isotope record, predicts a more substantial role for AOA during Precambrian time, and may have implications for understanding of the size and structure of the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle through geologic time.

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Modeling the consequences of land plant evolution on silicate weathering

Cited by 59 publications

References 163 publications

Influence of temporally varying weatherability on CO<sub>2</sub>-climate coupling and ecosystem change in the late Paleozoic

Influence of temporally varying weatherability on CO<sub>2</sub>-climate coupling and ecosystem change in the late Paleozoic

Do degree and rate of silicate weathering depend on plant productivity?

Phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria

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Modeling the consequences of land plant evolution on silicate weathering

Cited by 59 publications

References 163 publications

Influence of temporally varying weatherability on CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-climate coupling and ecosystem change in the late Paleozoic

Influence of temporally varying weatherability on CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-climate coupling and ecosystem change in the late Paleozoic

Do degree and rate of silicate weathering depend on plant productivity?

Phanerozoic radiation of ammonia oxidizing bacteria

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Product

Resources

About

Influence of temporally varying weatherability on CO<sub>2</sub>-climate coupling and ecosystem change in the late Paleozoic

Influence of temporally varying weatherability on CO<sub>2</sub>-climate coupling and ecosystem change in the late Paleozoic