Modeling the additive structure of stand biomass equations in climatic gradients of Eurasia

Abstract

It has been established that in cold climatic zones any increase in rainfall leads to a corresponding decrease in biomass volume and in warm zones an increase in rainfall leads to an increase in biomass value. Furthermore, in water‐rich areas (900 millimeters [mm] per year), a rise in temperature causes an increase of biomass values, whereas in arid areas (300 mm per year) it causes reductions. These statements confirm previously recognized results that other researchers documented at both local and regional levels. For natural and planted tree stands, these patterns follow suit, but in absolute terms plantation biomass shows annual increases in total biomass, roots, stems, needles, and branches, of 16, 18, 11, 2, and 3%, respectively, compared to natural stands. The percentage of change in the structure of biomass is related to the ratio of the two climatic indices—temperature and rainfall. In particular, for the central part of European Russia, the Russian Far East, and northeastern China, which are characterized by mean annual temperatures in January of –10 degrees Celsius (°C) and mean annual precipitation of 500 mm, any temperature increase of 1°C at a constant level of precipitation increases biomass of stands aged 100 years in total biomass, roots, stems, needles, and branches, by 2.2, 1.8, 2.5, 0.36, and 2.3%, respectively, regardless of the origin of the stands. In the same regions and with pine stands of the same age, a precipitation increase of 100 mm at an unchanged mean temperature reduces total biomass, roots, stems, and needles by 5.8, 2.3, 6.5, and 0.3%, respectively, and increases branch biomass by 0.3%. The development of such models for the basic forest‐forming species grown in Eurasia will make it possible to predict changes in the biological productivity of the forest cover of Eurasia related to climate change.

Forest stand biomass of Picea spp.: an additive model that may be related to climate and civilisational changes

“…There are more significant differences in our regularities for the dark-conifer genus Picea spp. when compared to the same Trans-Eurasian patterns obtained for the two-needled subgenus Pinus L. where the pine models manifested propeller-shaped surfaces (Usoltsev et al, 2018). If the decrease in the spruce stand biomass on the moisture-poor ecoregions (PRm = 300 mm) occurs less intensively compared to moisture-rich (PRm = 900 mm) ones as the transition from warm (Тm = +10°C) to cold (Tm = -30°C) zones, then the pine stand biomass in such moisture-poor ecoregions in the same temperature gradient significantly increases.…”

An Alternative Method for Estimation of Stand-Level Biomass for Three Conifer Species in Northeast China

“…Forests play a critical role in terrestrial ecosystems, covering a substantial portion of the terrestrial surface of the Earth. They are crucial in mitigating the human-induced greenhouse effect by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere [1][2][3]. Since forest biomass is a fundamental characteristic of forest ecosystems, its accurate estimation is essential for experts and policymakers interested in the exchange and storage of carbon on a global scale, nutrient cycling, and energy flow [4][5][6][7].…”

Quantifying the Effects of Stand and Climate Variables on Biomass of Larch Plantations Using Random Forests and National Forest Inventory Data in North and Northeast China

“…The application of these models had shown that climate has a significant impact on biomass and that these models produce more accurate predictions [17,18]. Usoltsev et al [19] showed that an increase in temperature of 1°C and an increase in precipitation of 100 mm would lead to an increase and decrease in the biomass of stands of Pinus sp. aged 100 years of 2.2% and 5.8%, respectively.…”