Modeling Temperature-Dependent Development of Glyphodes pyloalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Abstract

Development of Glyphodes pyloalis Walker was studied under laboratory conditions at constant temperatures of 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 30, 32, and 36 °C. No development occurred at 36 °C. Although eggs hatched at 12 ºC, no larvae were capable of developing to adult stage. At 16 ºC, survival rate was low (4%) and prepupal stage lasted 101.68 ± 11.03 d. Larvae completed development through six stadia at 16, 30, and 32 °C. Developmental time of overall immature stages varied from 46.62 d at 20 °C to 22.04 d at 30 °C and increased at 32 °C. The lower temperature thresholds of 10.30 and 11.22 °C, and thermal constants of 429.18 and 401.88 DD were estimated by traditional and Ikemoto–Takai linear models, respectively. The Tmin values estimated by Analytis, Briere-2, Lactin-2, and Sharpe–Schoolfield–Ikemoto (SSI) for overall immature stages were 12.40, 12.92, 9.00, and 13.04 °C, respectively. The fastest development temperatures (Tfast) of 31.1, 31.1, 30.8, and 30.7 °C were estimated for overall immature stages based on Analytis, Briere-2, Lactin-2, and SSI, respectively. The intrinsic optimum temperature (Topt) estimated from the thermodynamic SSI model for total developmental time was 24.63 °C, in which the maximal active state enzymes involved in developmental process. The nonlinear models of Analytis, Lactin-2, Briere-2, and SSI estimated the upper temperature thresholds (Tmax) at 36.66, 35.97, 38.88, and 34.05 °C, respectively. These findings could be used to predict the population dynamics of G. pyloalis for an effective management.

Habitat associations of day-flying Lepidoptera and their foodplants within nature reserves in Bedfordshire, UK

“…Temperature drives many physiological processes in ectotherms relevant to tness (Kingsolver et al 2013). For Lepidoptera larvae, higher temperatures are associated with increased growth and development rates (Moallem et al 2017), but excessively high temperatures can result in death (Chown & Jaco Klok 1997). Of the six species with associations with aspect, two had associations with north-facing (and therefore cooler) aspects (A. urticae, A. cardamines), two species with southfacing (and therefore warmer) aspects (E. tages, P. coridon), and two species with at land (A. io, M. jurtina).…”

A Laboratory Study on the Modeling of Temperature-Dependent Development and Antioxidant System of Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

“…The development rate of C. suppressalis was calculated by the reciprocal of temperature-dependent development of egg, larval, pupal, and total immature stage. All the thermal experiments were the modification of previous reports of Moallem et al (2017) on Glyphodes pyloalis (Walker; Lepidoptera: Crambidae). The relationship between temperature and developmental rate described using traditional and Ikemoto–Takai linear models.…”

“…The SSI model estimates the intrinsic optimal temperature ( T opt ) led to the highest population size with the least mortality ( Ikemoto 2005 , 2008 ; Shi et al 2011 ). This parameter differs from T fast which T fast denotes the temperature that causes fastest development time per given period ( Moallem et al 2017 ). So, ΡΦ is the mean developmental rate at T opt (1/d), T opt is the intrinsic optimal temperature which the enzyme represents the highest activity.…”

“…Insects are the poikilothermous organisms which depend on temperature for different biological performances like development, survival, reproduction, mortality and sex ratio ( Jia et al 2011 , Moallem et al 2017 ). Hence, determination of temperature requirements is considered as a tool to predict population dynamic of insects like estimation of occurrence or prevalence, size of emerged population from overwintering generation, egg eclosion, larval and pupal development and generation time ( Sharpe and De Michele 1977 , Honek 1996 , Briere et al 1999 , Herms 2004 , Moallem et al 2017 ). Appropriate temperature is necessary to insect development but it may be an environmental stress in extreme ranges which decrease insect survival mainly immature stages while middle-extremes induce production of free radicals damaging tissues ( Lopez-Martinez et al 2008 , Zhang et al 2015 ).…”

Modelling of post-diapause development and spring emergence of Cydia nigricana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

“…Different factors can influence the development of insects. Temperature (Tauber and Tauber, 1976; Naves and de Sousa, 2009; Moallem et al ., 2017; Ngowi et al ., 2017; Rebaudo et al ., 2018) and photoperiod (Lutz, 1968; Sawchyn and Church, 1973; Corbet, 2003) are recognized as the most important ones. Concerning the pea moth, temperature is considered the crucial influencing factor on pea moth emergence (Stenmark, 1971; Nußbaum, 1976).…”