Modeling superheat removal during continuous casting of steel slabs

Huang, Xiaofeng; Thomas, Brian G.; Najjar, Fady

doi:10.1007/bf02656290

Cited by 128 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Further discussion of how this fluid flow model works and comparisons of the model results with water model observations and measurements are given elsewhere. [12,13] The Reynolds number in the caster, based on the hydraulic diameter, (Table I) always exceeds 10,000 even far below the mold. This indicates that the flow is highly turbulent everywhere.…”

Section: -D Mass Transfer Model Of Upper Strandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12,13] Therefore, fluid flow can be assumed to be steady, incompressible, turbulent, single-phase Newtonian flow when no change in casting speed occurs. Further discussion of how this fluid flow model works and comparisons of the model results with water model observations and measurements are given elsewhere.…”

Section: -D Mass Transfer Model Of Upper Strandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the K-ε turbulence model is used in calculating velocities. [13] In addition, diffusion is enhanced greatly by turbulent eddy motion, so the effective diffusivity, D eff , consists of both molecular and turbulent components:…”

Section: -D Mass Transfer Model Of Upper Strandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, the steady-state flow pattern (streamlines) does not vary with speed or Reynolds number when the flow is fully turbulent. [13] Secondly, the transient pressure wave moves at the acoustic speed, [18] so should propagate the effect of the new inlet velocities throughout the mold almost immediately. The casting speed curve used in the present work is shown in Figure 2, which approximates that used in practice.…”

Section: Ramping Of Casting Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equations [8]- [13] for the special case of no diffusion, D eff =0. The solution is simply a transformation of a constant concentration profile from a Lagrangian system C(x, y, τ) to the present Eulerian system C(x, y, z, t).…”

Section: B Comparison Between Strand Model and Analytical Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of steel grade transition in continuous slab casting processes

Huang

Thomas

1993

Metall Trans B

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Mathematical models have been developed and applied to investigate the composition distributions that arise during steel grade changes in the continuous slab casting processes. Three-dimensional turbulent flow and transient mixing phenomena in the mold and the strand were calculated under conditions corresponding to a sudden change in grade. The composition distribution in the final slab was then predicted. Reasonable agreement was obtained between predicted and experimental concentration profiles in the slab centerlines. Intermixing in the center extends many meters below the transition point while intermixing at the surface extends above. Higher casting speed increases the extent of intermixing. Mold width, ramping of casting speed, and nozzle design have only small effects. Slab thickness, however, significantly influences the intermixing length of the slab.The axial transport of solute due to turbulent eddy motion was found to be many orders of magnitude greater than molecular diffusion and thus dominates the resulting composition distribution. Different elements, therefore, exhibited the same mixing behavior under the same casting conditions, despite having different molecular properties. Numerical diffusion caused by the finite difference schemes was investigated and confirmed to be much less important than turbulent diffusion. In the lower portion of the strand (lower than 3 meters below the meniscus), the convection and diffusion can be reasonably approximated as one dimensional axial flow.2

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Section: -D Mass Transfer Model Of Upper Strandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -D Mass Transfer Model Of Upper Strandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -D Mass Transfer Model Of Upper Strandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ramping Of Casting Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Comparison Between Strand Model and Analytical Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of steel grade transition in continuous slab casting processes

Huang

Thomas

1993

Metall Trans B

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Flow, Solidification, and Solute Transport in a Continuous Casting Mold with Electromagnetic Brake

Lei

Zhang

2009

Chem Eng & Technol

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A three-dimensional mathematical model is developed to study coupled turbulent flow, heat, solute transport, and solidification in a slab continuous caster with electromagnetic brake. Based on the analogy analysis, all the governing equations can be expressed as a general differential equation and be solved by a general numerical method. Numerical results show that a small corner-vortex appears near the free surface due to the interaction between the moving solidified shell and the upward flow. Influenced by the fluid flow, the temperature and solute distribution can also be divided into the upper and lower recirculation zones but the distribution of carbon concentration is opposite to that of temperature. The three-dimensional magnetic field can effectively damp the local flow and affect heat and solute transfer in the mold.

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Turbulent flow through bifurcated nozzles

Hershey

Thomas

Najjar

1993

Numerical Methods in Fluids

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SUMMARYA finite-element model has been used to study steady-state turbulent flow through bifurcated submergedentry nozzles with oversized ports typical of those used in the continuous casting of steel. Both 2D and 3D simulations have been performed with the commercial code FIDAP, using the standard K--E turbulence model. Predicted velocities from 3D simulations compare reasonably with experimental measurements using a hot-wire anemometer conducted in a physical water model, where severe turbulent fluctuations are present. Results show that a 2D simulation can also capture the main flow characteristics of the jet existing the nozzle and requires two orders of magnitude less computer time than the 3D simulation. A model combining the nozzle and mould was set up to study the effect of the outlet boundary conditions of the nozzle on the jet characteristics. This modelling technique will assist in the design of submerged-entry nozzles, especially as applied to enhance steel quality in the continuous casting process. Further, the model will provide appropriate inlet boundary conditions for a separate numerical model of the mould.

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Modeling superheat removal during continuous casting of steel slabs

Cited by 128 publications

References 9 publications

Modeling of steel grade transition in continuous slab casting processes

Modeling of steel grade transition in continuous slab casting processes

Flow, Solidification, and Solute Transport in a Continuous Casting Mold with Electromagnetic Brake

Turbulent flow through bifurcated nozzles

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