Modeling strategies to balance salt leaching and nitrogen loss for drip irrigation with saline water in arid regions

Calculation of Humidification Contours upon Drip Irrigation of an Intensive Apple Orchard in Zhambyl Region

“…The filtration coefficient of the calculated layer is 0.2-0.4 m per day. The porosity of the soil of the study area is 48.61-55.64%, the density is 1.21-1.35 g/cm 3 . At a depth of 0.2m, there is a significant compaction of the soil of 0.6 m, the density increases to 1.42 g/cm3, the porosity decreases to 46%.…”

“…Artificial irrigation was first used in the 1980s of the 20th century as a way to enhance food production, but for many years traditional systems' water consumption efficiency did not reach 30%. A proactive shift to drip irrigation, also known as trickling irrigation, micro-irrigation, or localized irrigation, was observed in response to the traditional irrigation techniques' low efficacy (sprinkling, furrow irrigation) [3]. Through a system of pipelines, valves, drip lines, and emitters, the drip irrigation system enables to conserve water and nutrients (dispenser-droppers).…”

Soil Salt and Water Regulation in Saline Agriculture Based on Physical Measures with Model Analysis

“…where X m is the maximum horizontal distance of the root distribution, which was set to 40 cm; Z m is the maximum depth of the root distribution, which was set to 70 cm, according to field observations; x * is the horizontal coordinates of the maximum root density, which was set to 20 cm; and z * is the vertical coordinates of the maximum root density, which was set to 10 cm. This was in reference to the related research conducted by Che et al [13]. P x and P z are the empirical parameters of root asymmetry, which are typically set to 1.0.…”

“…The mechanisms of physical improvement measures for Water 2024, 16, 719 2 of 21 saline soil are reduction in surface evaporation, moderation of the rise of groundwater, the creation of a relatively favorable water-salt environment in the root zone, and reduction in the water-salt stress suffered by crops during their growth periods to achieve the goals of increasing crop yields and efficient use of water resources. Through long-term research and practical exploration, film mulching, salt barrier layers, and ridge-furrow planting reduce root-zone salt accumulation and increase crop yields [13][14][15]. The mechanism of the film mulch system is its breaking the exchange of water and heat between soil and the atmosphere, working like a water vapor barrier in the soil surface [10].…”