Modeling steel structures in OpenSees: Enhancements for fire and multi-hazard probabilistic analyses

Khorasani, Negar Elhami; Garlock, María Eugenia Moreyra; Quiel, Spencer E.

doi:10.1016/j.compstruc.2015.05.025

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…The seismic and thermal analyses of the MRF are both performed in OpenSees, using the recently added thermal module (Jiang et al 2015). The new thermal module was modified by Elhami Khorasani et al (2015b) to enhance the thermal analysis by allowing strain reversals, a seamless transition from seismic to thermal analysis, and including reliability analysis. The current constitutive material model for steel at elevated temperature was modified to incorporate the effect of plastic strain during both heating and cooling phases of fire.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic Evaluation Framework for Fire and Fire Following Earthquake

Khorasani

Garlock

Gardoni

2016

Multi-Hazard Approaches to Civil Infrastructure Engineering

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This work provides a probabilistic framework to evaluate the performance of a structure under fire and fire following earthquake, by studying response of the structure for several limit states and incorporating uncertainties in demand and capacity parameters. The multi-hazard framework is then applied to a steel moment resisting frame (MRF) to evaluate the structural performance of the MRF under post-earthquake fires. The study develops probabilistic models for key quantities with uncertainty including fire load, as well as yield strength and modulus of elasticity of steel at elevated temperatures. The MRF is analyzed under several fire scenarios and fire locations. Results show that the location of fire in the frame (e.g., lower vs. upper floors and interior vs. exterior bays) affects the element response. Compartments in the interior bays reach limit states faster than those on the perimeter of the frame, and upper floors reach limit states sooner than lower floors. The post-earthquake damage does not affect the structural response under fire for the considered limit states, but post-earthquake fire increases the drift demand on columns located at the perimeter of the structure. IntroductionThe available codes and guidelines on design of structures for fire are based on performance evaluation at the component level and using deterministic approaches, while fire events and performance of structures at elevated temperatures involve

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic Evaluation Framework for Fire and Fire Following Earthquake

Khorasani

Garlock

Gardoni

2016

Multi-Hazard Approaches to Civil Infrastructure Engineering

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“…Della Corte et al (2003) and Khorasani et al (2015) implemented a similar two-phase approach to determine the fire resistance of a steel MRF structure that was damaged by seismic loading. Once a structural configuration that meets the progressive collapse resistance criteria is obtained, structural fire analysis via time-series integration is performed using SAFIR, a software developed at the University of Liege specifically for the analysis of structures under fire (Franssen 2005).…”

Section: Evaluating Resistance To Subsequent Firementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among those studies are Della Corte et al (2003), Zaharia andPintea (2009), andKhorasani et al (2015), each of which examined the performance of a steel moment-resisting frame (MRF) under fire after it had sustained permanent deformations due to seismic loading. Other examples include studies by Chen and Liew (2005) and Quiel and Marjanishvili (2013), which evaluated the fire resistance of steel columns that had been damaged by blast.…”

Section: Multi-hazard Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive Collapse Resistance for Steel Building Frames: A Cascading Multi-Hazard Approach with Subsequent Fire

Quiel

2016

Multi-Hazard Approaches to Civil Infrastructure Engineering

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The design of building frames for progressive collapse resistance typically includes a two-phase sequence: (1) the initial hazard that causes localized damage and (2) the subsequent response of the structure to redistribute loads and bridge over the damaged areas. However, recent events have shown that local damage to building frames is commonly followed by a fire which subsequently ignites near the location of the damage. In current practice, little consideration if any is given to fire as a cascading hazard for progressive collapse-resistant design. Fire exposure for a damaged structure could be detrimental to the short-term stability of that structure and may pose a significant threat to the safe evacuation of building occupants. This chapter explores the effects of fire following an extreme event that causes failure of one column on the perimeter of a steel building frame-this damage scenario represents the typical design case for assessing progressive collapse resistance. Two prototype office buildings are considered: a low-rise (5-story) new construction and a high-rise (38-story) preexisting structure. The approach focuses on implementation of the US Government guidelines for progressive collapse resistance and assumes that the extreme event not only damages one column but also damages active fire protection (i.e., sprinklers) in the vicinity of the structural damage. Results of these studies include estimates of the time to collapse initiation and a correlation between the level of remaining passive fire protection (i.e., fire-resistive materials applied to the structural elements) and the collapse time. The goal of this chapter is to raise awareness of potential fire hazards that may follow extreme events and provide guidance for the assessment of these hazards.

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“…Aside from fire itself, fire following earthquake (FFE) is also an extreme hazard, which is a low probability, high consequence event. In a recent study on historical FFE events, 20 cases from seven different countries were collected, 15 of which occurred between 1971 and 2014 (Elhami Khorasani and Garlock 2015). Fire that followed the earthquake in a majority of these cases caused considerable damage.…”

Section: Future Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-hazard Approaches to Civil Infrastructure Engineering

Gardoni¹,

LaFave²

2016

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Modeling steel structures in OpenSees: Enhancements for fire and multi-hazard probabilistic analyses

Cited by 49 publications

References 21 publications

Probabilistic Evaluation Framework for Fire and Fire Following Earthquake

Probabilistic Evaluation Framework for Fire and Fire Following Earthquake

Progressive Collapse Resistance for Steel Building Frames: A Cascading Multi-Hazard Approach with Subsequent Fire

Multi-hazard Approaches to Civil Infrastructure Engineering

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